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OSW Commentary | | Marek Menkiszak

Sometimes it is better not to talk Pitfalls of potential dialogue between Europe and Russia

In recent weeks, discussions have intensified regarding the possible resumption of dialogue – including at the highest political level – between the European Union, its Member States, and the Russian Federation. This debate has unfolded in…
OSW Commentary | | Ilona Gizińska

Sky-high ambitions of the Orbán government Budapests air cargo boom

In recent years, Hungary has seen significant growth in air freight. In 2024, Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport handled nearly 300,000 tonnes of cargo, recording an annual increase of 50% and establishing itself as one of the key…
OSW Commentary | | Ilona Gizińska

OSW update Hungary election no 1

The parliamentary election scheduled for 12 April in Hungary is set to take place within a wholly new configuration of the political landscape. Fidesz, led by Viktor Orbán and the clear victor in the past four elections, will face a new…
OSW Commentary | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

Excessive dependence The growing role of US LNG and oil in the EU market

Since 2022, the EU has undergone a rapid transformation of its natural gas and crude oil import mix. Faced with Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, now in its fourth year, and the Russian-European economic war, the EU has almost…
OSW Commentary | | Sandra Baniak-Stachowiak

Rijeka Gateway Terminal – a new competitor in the race for Central European markets

On 29 October 2025, the Rijeka Gateway container terminal was officially opened in the presence of Croatian Prime Minister, Andrej Plenković, Danish Foreign Minister, Lars Løkke Rasmussen, and Keith Svendsen, the CEO of APM Terminals,…
OSW Commentary | | Piotr Szymański

NATO summit in The Hague Trumps return and a two-component 5 of GDP on defence

The NATO summit in The Hague (24–25 June) – the first chaired by new Secretary General Mark Rutte – was minimalist in both form and content. It concluded with a record-low five-point declaration. This approach to a meeting of NATO heads of…
OSW Commentary | | Ilona Gizińska

The year of Péter Magyar great expectations great challenges

One year ahead of Hungary’s parliamentary elections, Viktor Orbán, who has been in power for 15 years, faces a formidable challenger. Péter Magyar, a previously little-known Fidesz activist, began to play a major role in Hungarian politics…
OSW Commentary | | Ilona Gizińska

Hungarys ongoing demographic decline an increase in birth rates is the only hope

Hungary’s population of 9.6 million has declined by nearly 8% since the political transition. In 2023, the country recorded the third-largest annual population decline among EU member states. This ongoing depopulation, which has persisted…
OSW Commentary | | Łukasz Maślanka, Piotr Szymański

The resilience of the European Union and NATO in an era of multiple crises

NATO and the EU, Europe’s two most important security institutions, are currently pursuing their second round of efforts within the past decade to enhance the crisis resilience of states and societies. The first followed Russia’s…
OSW Commentary | | Andrzej Sadecki

The demise of the West and the dawn of the Asian Era Orbáns vision of the world

On 27 July 2024, Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán delivered his annual keynote speech in Băile Tușnad, Transylvania, Romania, which was almost entirely focussed on global issues. Orbán emphasised that Europe needs to emancipate itself…