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OSW Commentary |
| Maria Domańska
Between 18 and 20 September, Russia held parliamentary elections to determine the make-up of the new 450-member State Duma, the lower house of parliament. The vote coincided with an annual series of regional and local elections. For the…
OSW Commentary |
| Iwona Wiśniewska, Filip Rudnik
Since early June this year, Ukraine has stepped up drone attacks on Russian shipping in the Sea of Azov and the Black Sea, as well as on port infrastructure along the coast. This has severely curtailed the flow of Russian commodities…
OSW Commentary |
| Miłosz Bartosiewicz
In 2025, Russia’s regional budgets recorded their highest-ever deficits and levels of debt. This reflected the financial burdens imposed by the Kremlin on the regions to support Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, the broader economic…
OSW Commentary |
| Filip Rudnik
The war in the Persian Gulf and the resulting disruption to global hydrocarbon markets have strengthened Russia’s position as an energy exporter. The blockade of the Strait of Hormuz gave rise to shortages of crude oil, refined fuels and…
OSW Commentary |
| Maria Domańska
In early May 2026, Western media reported that Vladimir Putin’s position within Russia’s power structure had weakened significantly and that plans for his removal were allegedly taking shape within the ruling elite.
OSW Commentary |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
Preliminary estimates indicate that in the first quarter of 2026, Russia recorded a decline in GDP for the first time in three years. This points to a deterioration in the negative economic trends observed since the end of 2024. The…
OSW Commentary |
| Witold Rodkiewicz, Filip Rudnik, Iwona Wiśniewska
The US-Israeli attack on Iran has had varied consequences for Russia. In political and strategic terms, the challenge posed by the Trump administration’s policy based on the use of force – targeting Moscow’s allies and exposing its…
OSW Commentary |
| Miłosz Bartosiewicz
The regime of Ramzan Kadyrov, which governs the Chechen Republic, enjoys a level of internal autonomy vis-à-vis Moscow that is unparalleled within the Russian Federation, thereby conferring on Chechnya a distinct status compared with other…
OSW Commentary |
| Adam Michalski
In 2025, Turkey increased its LNG imports by more than 32% year-on-year, enabling a genuine diversification of suppliers. The rise resulted from the availability of liquefied gas and growing domestic demand, driven by macroeconomic…
OSW Commentary |
| Filip Rudnik
The fall in Russia’s oil and gas revenues observed since mid-2025, driven by falling global oil prices and a strong rouble, has deepened further owing to steep discounts applied to Russian crude in the final months of last year. These…