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Analyses | | Filip Rudnik, Miłosz Bartosiewicz

Ukrainian attacks on Tuapse a threat to Russias fuel sector and the environment

Since mid-April 2026, the Armed Forces of Ukraine have attacked Russian energy infrastructure facilities in Tuapse, Krasnodar Krai, on at least four occasions: 16, 20 and 28 April, and 1 May. These drone strikes triggered prolonged fires…
Analyses | | Iwona Wiśniewska, Filip Rudnik

20th sanctions package the EU signals it will stay the course despite the energy crisis

On 23 April, the Council of the European Union adopted its 20th package of sanctions against Russia. The measures tighten restrictions on Russian oil and LNG exports, including those targeting the operation of the so-called ‘shadow fleet…
Analyses | | Filip Rudnik

Ukrainian attacks on Russias oil export infrastructure

In March, Ukraine intensified its attacks on Russia’s oil and fuel infrastructure, primarily targeting facilities involved in the export of crude oil and petroleum products. Drones struck oil terminals in the Baltic ports of Primorsk and…
OSW Commentary | | Witold Rodkiewicz, Filip Rudnik, Iwona Wiśniewska

Gains amid mounting challenges the consequences of the war in Iran for Russia

The US-Israeli attack on Iran has had varied consequences for Russia. In political and strategic terms, the challenge posed by the Trump administration’s policy based on the use of force – targeting Moscow’s allies and exposing its…
OSW Commentary | | Filip Rudnik

Chaos is a blessing the attack on Iran and the future of sanctions on Russian oil

The fall in Russia’s oil and gas revenues observed since mid-2025, driven by falling global oil prices and a strong rouble, has deepened further owing to steep discounts applied to Russian crude in the final months of last year. These…
OSW Commentary | | Filip Rudnik

An uncertain future for Rosatoms nuclear technology exports

Despite Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Rosatom, unlike many other Russian energy companies, has not faced significant Western sanctions. This has enabled it to continue operating in the key area of supplying nuclear technology to…
OSW Commentary | | Filip Rudnik, Maciej Kalwasiński

Closing ranks Russia-China energy cooperation amid escalating confrontation with the West

Cooperation in the energy sector, which has long been a key pillar of Russia-China economic relations, has assumed even greater importance since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. For the Kremlin, the sale of fossil fuels to China provides a…
Analyses | | Filip Rudnik

Final verdict in the Yukos case a triumph for former shareholders

On 17 October, the Supreme Court of the Kingdom of the Netherlands upheld the 2014 arbitration ruling in the ‘Yukos case’, definitively ordering the Russian Federation to pay compensation to the former shareholders of the now-defunct…
Analyses | | Iwona Wiśniewska, Filip Rudnik

Trumps first sanctions the EUs 19th sanctions package the West increases the pressure on Russia

On 22 October, Donald Trump imposed sanctions on Rosneft and Lukoil – Russia’s two largest oil companies. The restrictions also covered their subsidiaries, amounting to a total of 34 entities. On 23 October, the European Union also…
Analyses | | Filip Rudnik

Russia the governments ineffectiveness in the face of Ukrainian attacks on refineries

On 30 September, the Russian government decided to extend restrictions on fuel exports. Until the end of 2025, Russian entities will be completely forbidden from exporting petrol and there will be a partial limitation on the sale of other…