11 - 20 z 593
OSW Commentary |
| Zuzanna Krzyżanowska
Since the break-up of the USSR, Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) has been characterised by high fertility rates and significant population growth – nearly 30 million over the past 35 years.…
OSW Commentary |
| Jan Nowinowski
The political crisis that has persisted in Bulgaria since 2021 initially weakened traditional nationalist forces, which lost their parliamentary representation. However, the transitional period was seized upon by new radical parties,…
OSW Commentary |
| Piotr Szymański, Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Jacek Tarociński
NATO is entering a decisive phase in its efforts to strengthen its deterrence and defence. Faced with the war in Ukraine and the long-term threat posed by Russia, the allies agreed at their recent summit in The Hague to increase defence…
OSW Commentary |
| Krzysztof Nieczypor
Since the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Denmark has allocated €8.5 billion for military aid and €854 million for civilian support to Kyiv. According to data compiled by the Kiel Institute for the World Economy, this sum…
OSW Commentary |
| Michał Kędzierski
Under the new government, Germany’s energy and climate policy is likely to undergo only limited adjustments rather than any fundamental shifts. Both the coalition agreement between the CDU/CSU and the SPD and the early weeks of Friedrich…
OSW Commentary |
| Adam Michalski
The global shift towards electromobility is placing pressure on Turkey’s automotive industry (ranked twelfth globally and third in Europe), which remains heavily dependent on the production of internal combustion vehicles for European…
OSW Commentary |
| Miłosz Bartosiewicz
As the strategic rivalry between Russia and the Western world has intensified, Moscow has increasingly instrumentalised the humanitarian aid it provides in response to crises and disasters as well as its official development assistance (…
OSW Commentary |
| Jan Nowinowski
Independent since 2006, Montenegro continues to pursue a Euro-Atlantic foreign policy direction, although it remains within the sphere of Serbian political, economic, cultural, and media influence. This is manifested in the tangible…
OSW Commentary |
| Kamil Całus, Adam Michalski, Jan Nowinowski, Jacek Tarociński
The Russian Federation’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine has heightened security risks for NATO allies in the Black Sea region, namely Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey. These countries differ in how they perceive the challenges and threats, as…
OSW Commentary |
| Piotr Szymański
The NATO summit in The Hague (24–25 June) – the first chaired by new Secretary General Mark Rutte – was minimalist in both form and content. It concluded with a record-low five-point declaration. This approach to a meeting of NATO heads of…