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OSW Commentary |
| Maciej Kalwasiński
In 2025, Donald Trump’s aggressive tariff policy and new protectionist barriers worldwide failed to undermine the foundations on which China’s GDP growth has rested since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. A record trade surplus once…
OSW Commentary |
| Bartosz Chmielewski
Since the early 1990s, Latvia has undergone a successful transformation, becoming a democratic, free-market state and joining both the EU and NATO. Today, it ranks among highly developed countries. However, despite these achievements, it…
OSW Commentary |
| Jan Nowinowski
On 19 April, Bulgaria will hold its eighth parliamentary election in five years. Unlike previous elections, this one is likely to produce a clear winner. Current polling suggests that the frontrunner is Progressive Bulgaria (PB) – a new…
OSW Commentary |
| Ilona Gizińska
The outcome of the parliamentary elections remains uncertain. In most polls, the opposition TISZA party holds a significant lead, but the ruling Fidesz party can count on a number of factors within the electoral system that work in its…
OSW Commentary |
| Sławomir Matuszak
The past winter was the most difficult for Ukraine since the outbreak of the war. This was particularly evident in several major cities, including Kyiv, where residents faced not only prolonged power outages but, in some districts, also…
OSW Commentary |
| Witold Rodkiewicz, Filip Rudnik, Iwona Wiśniewska
The US-Israeli attack on Iran has had varied consequences for Russia. In political and strategic terms, the challenge posed by the Trump administration’s policy based on the use of force – targeting Moscow’s allies and exposing its…
OSW Commentary |
| Kamil Całus
Ukraine is of existential importance to Moldova. As a state resisting Russian aggression since 2022, and as a neighbour larger and more populous than Romania, it effectively fulfils the role of a guarantor of Moldova’s security. These…
OSW Commentary |
| Jan Nowinowski
Since 2020, Bulgaria has blocked the start of EU accession negotiations with North Macedonia, arguing that Skopje has failed to implement certain provisions of bilateral agreements. Previously, other member states had taken similar steps.
OSW Commentary |
| Ilona Gizińska
Economic policy has been one of the key themes of the campaign ahead of the parliamentary elections on 12 April.
OSW Commentary |
| Ilona Gizińska