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OSW Report | | Marta Zawilska-Florczuk, Konrad Popławski, Anna Kwiatkowska, Piotr Buras

Germanys energy transformation difficult beginnings

Zainicjowana  w maju 2011 roku, kilka miesięcy po awarii elektrowni atomowej w Fukushimie transformacja energetyczna RFN przedstawiana jest jako decyzja ostateczna, a ze względu na narzucone tempo zmian stanowi nową jakość w strategii…
OSW Studies | | Sławomir Matuszak

The oligarchic democracy The influence of business groups on Ukrainian politics

The Ukrainian oligarchic system, which developed into its ultimate shape during Leonid Kuchma’s second presidency, turned out to be very durable. The nature of close relations between the government and the oligarchs has not undergone any…
OSW Report | | Tomasz Dąborowski, Jakub Groszkowski

Shale gas in Bulgaria the Czech Republic and Romania Political context - legal status - outlook

Despite their initial interest in shale gas exploration, over the past year Bulgaria, the Czech Republic and Romania have become increasingly sceptical about the development of unconventional gas resources. In January of this year Bulgaria…
OSW Studies | | Jadwiga Rogoża, Agata Wierzbowska-Miazga, Iwona Wiśniewska

A captive island Kaliningrad between Moscow and the EU

The Kaliningrad region can be called a 'captive island', because of its specific geopolitical location - it is part of the Russian legal, political and economic space, yet it is geographically separated from the rest of the Russian…
OSW Studies | | Tadeusz A Olszański

The language issue in Ukraine An attempt at a new perspective

In  Ukraine,  alongside  Ukrainians,  there  are very many Russians and members of other nationalities of the former Soviet Union as well as a still large group of people who identify themselves as Soviets (in…
OSW Studies | | Wojciech Konończuk

Russias best ally The situation of the Russian oil sector and forecast for its future

Oil is a strategic raw material for Russia and one of fundamental significance for the functioning of the state and its future. Taxes on oil production and exports are the most important source of state budget revenues which guarantee…
OSW Report | | Konrad Popławski

Germanys stance on the European Unions Multi-Annual Financial Framework for 2014–2020 Background and interests

The aim of this report is to look at the EU budget from the point of view of Germany as one of the greatest beneficiaries of EU policies. The text presents the significance of particular budget items for Germany, such as the Common…
OSW Studies | | Marek Menkiszak

Russias Afghan Problem The Russian Federation and the Afghanistan problem since 2001

Russia is facing a difficult choice regarding its further policy towards the Afghan problem. It seems that Moscow has no coherent or consistent strategy. It is likely that the Russian ruling elite, like expert circles, is divided on this…
OSW Studies | | Mateusz Gniazdowski, Tomáš Strážay

The EU Strategy for the Danube Region The implications for Poland and the Visegrad Group

The Danube strategy is the second example, after the Baltic Sea strategy, of the growing importance of macro-regions in the EU. The regional policy is being more and more often looked at through the prism of not only ensuring internal…
OSW Report | | Iwona Wiśniewska, Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Aleksandra Jarosiewicz, Zuzanna Brunarska

Between energy security and energy market integration

  EU needs to develop a fully-fledged external energy policy; i.e. a common, coherent, strategic approach that build bridges between the interests and needs of the EU integrated energy market on the one hand and supplier countries on…