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OSW Commentary |
| OSW team
Since mid-2025, Kyiv has intensified its efforts to develop defence industrial cooperation with European countries, focusing on the co-production of weapons, particularly unmanned aerial systems, within EU territory.
OSW Commentary |
| Sandra Baniak-Stachowiak, Konrad Popławski
The nearly two-month-long conflict in the Persian Gulf, triggered by US and Israeli attacks on Iran, has caused major disruptions to energy supplies and significantly destabilised international transport corridors. It has also exposed the…
OSW Commentary |
| Maciej Kalwasiński
In 2025, Donald Trump’s aggressive tariff policy and new protectionist barriers worldwide failed to undermine the foundations on which China’s GDP growth has rested since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. A record trade surplus once…
OSW Commentary |
| Bartosz Chmielewski
Since the early 1990s, Latvia has undergone a successful transformation, becoming a democratic, free-market state and joining both the EU and NATO. Today, it ranks among highly developed countries. However, despite these achievements, it…
OSW Commentary |
| Jan Nowinowski
On 19 April, Bulgaria will hold its eighth parliamentary election in five years. Unlike previous elections, this one is likely to produce a clear winner. Current polling suggests that the frontrunner is Progressive Bulgaria (PB) – a new…
OSW Commentary |
| Ilona Gizińska
The outcome of the parliamentary elections remains uncertain. In most polls, the opposition TISZA party holds a significant lead, but the ruling Fidesz party can count on a number of factors within the electoral system that work in its…
OSW Commentary |
| Sławomir Matuszak
The past winter was the most difficult for Ukraine since the outbreak of the war. This was particularly evident in several major cities, including Kyiv, where residents faced not only prolonged power outages but, in some districts, also…
OSW Commentary |
| Witold Rodkiewicz, Filip Rudnik, Iwona Wiśniewska
The US-Israeli attack on Iran has had varied consequences for Russia. In political and strategic terms, the challenge posed by the Trump administration’s policy based on the use of force – targeting Moscow’s allies and exposing its…
OSW Report |
| OSWs Russian Department
Table of contents
MAIN POINTS
INTRODUCTION
OSW Commentary |
| Kamil Całus
Ukraine is of existential importance to Moldova. As a state resisting Russian aggression since 2022, and as a neighbour larger and more populous than Romania, it effectively fulfils the role of a guarantor of Moldova’s security. These…