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OSW Commentary | | Sandra Baniak-Stachowiak

Rijeka Gateway Terminal – a new competitor in the race for Central European markets

On 29 October 2025, the Rijeka Gateway container terminal was officially opened in the presence of Croatian Prime Minister, Andrej Plenković, Danish Foreign Minister, Lars Løkke Rasmussen, and Keith Svendsen, the CEO of APM Terminals,…
OSW Commentary | | Krzysztof Dębiec

Parliamentary elections in the Czech Republic Babiš on the verge of returning to power

ANO, the party led by the oligarch and former Prime Minister Andrej Babiš, is the clear frontrunner in the upcoming elections to the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic, scheduled for 3–4 October. Since ANO is likely to be an…
OSW Commentary | | Piotr Szymański

NATO summit in The Hague Trumps return and a two-component 5 of GDP on defence

The NATO summit in The Hague (24–25 June) – the first chaired by new Secretary General Mark Rutte – was minimalist in both form and content. It concluded with a record-low five-point declaration. This approach to a meeting of NATO heads of…
OSW Studies | | Krzysztof Dębiec

To už se nevrátí. Czechoslovakia and contemporary Czech–Slovak relations

    Introduction Theses I.        Czechoslovakia – a state that fulfilled its historical mission
OSW Commentary | | Krzysztof Dębiec

Czech demography once a model now a cause for concern

Until a few years ago, the Czech Republic stood out in the region for its relatively high fertility rate and was often cited – including in Poland – as a model of successful demographic policy. Today, however, Czechs themselves are…
OSW Report | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

Energy policy in times of war and transition. Priorities of the Central and Eastern European countries and Germany

Since the outbreak of Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, the effective implementation of three key energy policy objectives has gained importance: ensuring energy security alongside the EU’s ambitious climate agenda, maintaining…
Point of View | | Łukasz Maślanka

The patchwork defence union. Shifts in the EU’s security policy following the Russian invasion of Ukraine

Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 provided an impulse for the development of EU security and defence policy initiatives. Member states provided significant military assistance to Kyiv, making innovative use of Common…
OSW Commentary | | Łukasz Maślanka, Piotr Szymański

The resilience of the European Union and NATO in an era of multiple crises

NATO and the EU, Europe’s two most important security institutions, are currently pursuing their second round of efforts within the past decade to enhance the crisis resilience of states and societies. The first followed Russia’s…
OSW Commentary | | Jakub Graca, Justyna Gotkowska

NATOs nuclear deterrence is it time for change

NATO is in the process of adjusting its nuclear deterrence in response to the modernisation of Russia’s nuclear capabilities, the deployment of Russian tactical nuclear weapons near NATO’s borders, and the Kremlin’s increasingly aggressive…
OSW Commentary | | Krzysztof Dębiec

Fialas government halfway through its term security reinforcement overshadowed by economic problems

Petr Fiala’s cabinet, which has been in power in the Czech Republic since December 2021, is facing a record decline in support at the halfway point. This is an effect of its waiting too long to address the issues caused by inflation and…