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OSW Commentary | | Piotr Szymański

Seeking an additional reassurance The EU and France in Estonias security policy

Over the last few years, Tallinn has been increasingly involved in military cooperation in the EU and with France. To date, Estonia is the only country on NATO’s eastern flank to join the French-led European Intervention Initiative. The…
OSW Report | | Piotr Szymański

New ideas for total defence. Comprehensive security in Finland and Estonia

In recent years, the Nordic and Baltic region has witnessed a growing interest in the concept of comprehensive security, which hails from the Cold War doctrine of total defence. This originates from the regional pivot to territorial…
OSW Commentary | | Justyna Gotkowska, Piotr Szymański

NATOs Northeast Quartet Prospects and Opportunities for Baltic-Polish Defence Cooperation

For quite some time, territorial defence seemed to be an obsolete need, a leftover from the Cold War era. However, Russia’s overt and covert uses of military force—against Georgia in 2008 and against Ukraine since 2014—have profoundly…
OSW Studies | | Piotr Szymański

The multi-speed Baltic States Reinforcing the defence capabilities of Lithuania Latvia and Estonia

The Baltic states are often viewed by the West and Russia as a single region. However, the different economic and demographic potentials, strategic cultures and geographic location result in differences in their defence solutions.
OSW Commentary | | Piotr Szymański

Between continuation and adaptation The Baltic states security policy and armed forces

The Baltic states have responded to the increasing Russian military potential by taking measures to strengthen their own military potential.
OSW Commentary | | Piotr Szymański

The Baltic states Territorial Defence Forces in the face of hybrid threats

The Baltic states have decided to adapt their Territorial Defence Forces to new threats by making a number of changes to their functioning.