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Analyses | | Jacek Tarociński
On 9 January, the United States approved its 74th package of military aid for Ukraine, valued at $500 million, under the Presidential Drawdown Authority (PDA). This marked the final transfer authorised by Joe Biden's administration, which…
Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
Analyses | | Witold Rodkiewicz
On 17 January, the leaders of Russia and Iran, Vladimir Putin and Masoud Pezeshkian, signed an interstate treaty in Moscow, replacing an agreement from 2001. The document is primarily intended to reflect the evolving nature of relations…
Analyses | | Adam Michalski, Zuzanna Krzyżanowska
On 15 January, a meeting between Turkish officials and representatives of Syria’s interim government took place in Ankara. It was held in a 3+3 format, involving Turkey’s foreign minister, defence minister and intelligence chief as well as…
Analyses | | Łukasz Kobeszko
On 16 January, Bulgaria’s parliament approved a new government led by Rosen Zhelyazkov of the centre-right GERB party, which secured the most votes in the October 2024 election (see ‘Election in Bulgaria: fragmentation of parliament and a…
Analyses | | Iwona Wiśniewska
On 15 January, the outgoing US administration amended the legal basis for sanctioning nearly 100 Russian entities. The new package of restrictions subjects all these companies to sanctions under Executive Order 13662 (2014), which…
Analyses | | Marta Szpala
The US sanctions targeting Russia’s oil sector, introduced on 10 January, have also been extended to Serbia’s largest energy company, NIS (for further details, see Appendix). The majority stake in NIS is held by Russian companies – Gazprom…
Analyses | | Piotr Szymański
On 14 January, a summit of NATO member states from the Baltic Sea region was held in Helsinki, attended by the NATO Secretary General and a Vice President of the European Commission. Other participants included the prime ministers of…
Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
Analyses | | Filip Rudnik
The sanctions package adopted on 10 January by the outgoing Biden administration represents the most severe blow to Russia’s oil sector since early 2023. The restrictions targeted a record number of tankers from the ‘shadow fleet’ which…