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Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
OSW Report |
| Jolanta Darczewska
What is this book about? It demonstrates that the current wartime narrative – namely, that “Russia is the victim of a Western conspiracy and bears no responsibility for the outbreak of the war” – is deeply rooted in a historical and…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
Analyses |
| Witold Rodkiewicz, Krzysztof Nieczypor
On 19 December, a Ukrainian delegation led by Rustem Umerov, Secretary of Ukraine’s National Security and Defence Council, and General Andrii Hnatov, Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces, began talks with Steve Witkoff, special…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Kohut, Jacek Tarociński
On 18 December, President Donald Trump signed into law the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for the 2026 fiscal year, after it received bipartisan support in Congress, passing the House of Representatives by 312 votes to 112 and…
Analyses |
| Łukasz Maślanka, Sławomir Matuszak, Iwona Wiśniewska
During its summit on 18–19 December, the European Council did not agree to grant Ukraine the so-called reparations loan based on frozen Russian assets. However, a decision was taken to provide Kyiv with an interest-free loan of €90 billion…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Nieczypor, Piotr Żochowski, Jacek Tarociński
Analyses |
| Wojciech Konończuk, Krzysztof Nieczypor, Witold Rodkiewicz
During a press briefing on 11 December, President Volodymyr Zelensky provided an update on the current state of negotiations over the US-backed peace plan. It is currently based on a 20-point agreement designed to address the key issues:…
OSW Commentary |
| Filip Rudnik, Maciej Kalwasiński
Cooperation in the energy sector, which has long been a key pillar of Russia-China economic relations, has assumed even greater importance since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. For the Kremlin, the sale of fossil fuels to China provides a…
Analyses |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
On 3 December, the European Commission added Russia to the EU’s list of high-risk countries – commonly referred to as the ‘blacklist’ – deemed to have strategic deficiencies in their frameworks for countering financial crime. The decision…