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Analyses |
| Miłosz Bartosiewicz, Marek Menkiszak
In response to Israel’s strikes on military and nuclear facilities in Iran on 13 June, Vladimir Putin held phone conversations with Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. The following day, he…
Analyses |
| Filip Rudnik
The United States continues to import low-enriched uranium from Russia, which is a key feedstock for producing nuclear reactor fuel. This trade takes place despite mutual restrictions: a US import embargo (in force since May 2024) and a…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Nieczypor, Piotr Żochowski
Analyses |
| Marek Matusiak, Krzysztof Strachota, Andrzej Kohut
During the night of 12–13 June, Israel launched a military strike against Iran, which – according to official statements – is intended to result in the destruction of the country’s nuclear programme. In the following days, several hundred…
Analyses |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota
The Israeli attack on Iran, which began on 13 June, has affected energy commodity markets. Prices rose almost immediately, with monthly Brent crude contracts increasing by approximately 8–13%, reaching $75–78 per barrel. Despite airstrikes…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
OSW Commentary |
| Aleksandra Kozaczyńska
According to the government forecast, the German economy will remain stagnant in 2025, marking the third consecutive year without GDP growth. The CDU/CSU–SPD coalition faces the urgent task of implementing comprehensive reforms aimed at…
Analyses |
| Michał Bogusz, Kamil Kłysiński
From 2–4 June, Alyaksandr Lukashenka paid his fifteenth visit to the People’s Republic of China, the first since March 2023. Simultaneously, a Belarusian delegation travelled to Beijing for a meeting of finance ministers and central bank…
OSW Commentary |
| Bartosz Chmielewski
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine served as a catalyst for Estonian diplomacy. The narrative of a country of one million people on the periphery of the European Union, warning of the real threat posed by Russia, has become one of the most…
Analyses |
| Lidia Gibadło
In the first weeks of his term, Chancellor Friedrich Merz (CDU) undertook eight foreign trips. He also hosted the Ukrainian President, Volodymyr Zelensky, and the Israeli President, Isaac Herzog, in Berlin, among other politicians. This…