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OSW Commentary | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Krzysztof Dębiec

Europes diesel market under pressure implications for Central Europe

Since the outbreak of war in the Persian Gulf, Europe has faced growing difficulties in its market for refined petroleum products. Although the Strait of Hormuz has been gradually reopening since the second half of September, allowing…
OSW Commentary | | Krzysztof Dębiec

Faster – lower – stronger the policies of Ficos fourth government in Slovakia

Although Robert Fico has been the dominant figure in Slovak politics over the past two decades, his fourth term as prime minister exhibits a number of features that distinguish it from his previous administrations. For the first time, he…
OSW Commentary | | Marek Menkiszak

Sometimes it is better not to talk Pitfalls of potential dialogue between Europe and Russia

In recent weeks, discussions have intensified regarding the possible resumption of dialogue – including at the highest political level – between the European Union, its Member States, and the Russian Federation. This debate has unfolded in…
OSW Commentary | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

Excessive dependence The growing role of US LNG and oil in the EU market

Since 2022, the EU has undergone a rapid transformation of its natural gas and crude oil import mix. Faced with Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, now in its fourth year, and the Russian-European economic war, the EU has almost…