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Analyses | | Lidia Gibadło, Aleksandra Kozaczyńska

Agreement between CDUCSU and SPD on increasing defence and infrastructure spending

On 4 March, the CDU/CSU and the SPD, which are expected to form the new government, reached an agreement on a package of financial measures for defence and infrastructure.
Analyses | | Aleksandra Kozaczyńska

German exports under pressure Germanys trade in 2024

In 2024, the United States was Germany’s most important trading partner, with a trade volume of €253.4 billion and a surplus of €70 billion (see table). The US thus surpassed the previous leader, China (€254.2 billion in trade volume in…
OSW Commentary | | Aleksandra Kozaczyńska

The debt brake Germany in a crisis of uncertainty

The debt brake (Schuldenbremse) is a German constitutional rule introduced during the global financial crisis in 2009 to ensure the country’s financial stability. Under this mechanism, the annual federal deficit cannot exceed 0.35% of GDP…