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Analyses | | Justyna Gotkowska

Germanys defence expenditure – a growing problem in NATO

On 20th March Germany’s government adopted the draft federal budget for 2020 and the financial plan to 2023. According to the draft, Germany’s defence spending is set to increase to 45.1 billion euros in 2020 and account for 1.37% of the…
OSW Commentary | | Justyna Gotkowska

US-German clash over international order and security The consequences for NATOs Eastern flank

This year’s Munich Security Conference has laid bare the differences in the US and German visions of international order and security in speeches given by Chancellor Angela Merkel and US Vice President Mike Pence. Germany fundamentally…
Analyses | | Justyna Gotkowska

The end of the INF the beginning of tough negotiations

On 4 December, the NATO Foreign Affairs Ministers issued a statement confirming that Russia had violated the 1987 Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty on the elimination of ground-launch ballistic and cruise missiles with a range…
Analyses | | Justyna Gotkowska

Germanys defence budget – more rhetoric than money

On 2nd May the German federal government adopted a draft budget and a financial plan for 2018–2022.
OSW Commentary | | Justyna Gotkowska

Rebuilding Germanys air defence capabilities on the eve of crucial decisions

As NATO has returned its focus to collective defence since 2014, very short, short-range and medium-range surface-based air defence has become a desirable capability. 
Analyses | | Kamil Frymark, Justyna Gotkowska

The agreement which divides Germanys coalition agreement

The signing of the coalition agreement between the Christian Democrats and Social Democrats was intended to bring an end to the political crisis in Germany.
Analyses | | Justyna Gotkowska

Berlin and PESCO German priorities in developing military cooperation within the EU

On 18 October Germany’s acting government adopted guidelines for the country’s participation in permanent structured cooperation (PESCO) in the EU.
Analyses | | Justyna Gotkowska

Franco-German tandem in EUs security policy – industrial interests and military differences

On 26 September, two days after parliamentary elections in Germany, the French President presented in Paris his vision on how to reform the EU.
Analyses | | Justyna Gotkowska

The Cyber and Information Space a new formation in the Bundeswehr

On 5 April a new organisational structure was formed as part of the Bundeswehr: the Cyber and Information Space (Cyber-und Informationsraum, CIR). 
OSW Commentary | | Justyna Gotkowska

Germanys security policy and the Trump administration modified rhetoric and moderate commitments

The new administration of President Donald Trump is pushing for its European allies to increase their defence budgets.