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OSW Commentary |
| Piotr Szymański, Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Jacek Tarociński
NATO is entering a decisive phase in its efforts to strengthen its deterrence and defence. Faced with the war in Ukraine and the long-term threat posed by Russia, the allies agreed at their recent summit in The Hague to increase defence…
Analyses |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota
On 17 June, the European Commission published a legislative proposal aimed at phasing out gas and oil imports from Russia by EU member states. The document specifically proposes:
Analyses |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota
The Israeli attack on Iran, which began on 13 June, has affected energy commodity markets. Prices rose almost immediately, with monthly Brent crude contracts increasing by approximately 8–13%, reaching $75–78 per barrel. Despite airstrikes…
Analyses |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota
On 6 May 2025, the European Commission announced a roadmap proposing measures to ensure the EU’s complete phase-out of Russian energy imports. According to the plan, EU member states are expected to end their purchases of Russian oil, gas…
OSW Report |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota
Since the outbreak of Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, the effective implementation of three key energy policy objectives has gained importance: ensuring energy security alongside the EU’s ambitious climate agenda, maintaining…
OSW Commentary |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota
The EU gas market faces a turbulent year in 2025. With the cessation of Russian gas transit through Ukraine from 1 January and a significant depletion of storage reserves during the winter season, concerns over rising prices in the next…