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Point of View |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
The Western sanctions have proved painful for the Russian elite not only in terms of finance, but also of image and prestige. However, thanks to the EU's much softer sanctions policy compared to the US, the Russian oligarchs have still…
OSW Studies |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
In 2009, Vladimir Putin, the then Russian prime minister, gave impetus to the establishment of closer relations within what was then a still narrow group of three countries: Russia, Kazakhstan and Belarus. Close co-operation is expected to…
OSW Studies |
| Jadwiga Rogoża, Agata Wierzbowska-Miazga, Iwona Wiśniewska
The Kaliningrad region can be called a 'captive island', because of its specific geopolitical location - it is part of the Russian legal, political and economic space, yet it is geographically separated from the rest of the Russian…
Point of View |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
This study describes the two main economic processes observed in Russia during President Vladimir Putin's second term; renationalisation, and the concentration of economic assets.
OSW Studies |
| Ewa Paszyc, Iwona Wiśniewska
After a dramatic economic decline after the collapse of the Soviet Union and the financial breakdown of 1998, the Russian economy has begun to emerge from its deep crisis. The years 1999-2004 were a period of dynamic development in all…
OSW Studies |
| Jadwiga Rogoża, Iwona Wiśniewska
The most significant achievement of Vladimir Putin's team over the three years of his term of office is the realisation of legislative changes, which may constitute a base for further - more detailed - political and economic reforms. This…
OSW Studies |
| Iwona Wiśniewska, Ewa Paszyc
The pace of ownership transfer in the Russian economy has speeded up considerably over the last year. There has been a significant rise in the number of acquisitions of whole enterprises, and large blocks of shares in individual firms and…