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OSW Commentary |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
Public funds became the most important lever of economic activity in the Russian Federation when it invaded Ukraine and due to Western sanctions. According to the Russian finance ministry’s estimates, the total value of budget support for…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
The Russians have fortified their positions on the north-eastern outskirts of Avdiivka, and made further attempts to break through the Ukrainian defences to the north-west, south and south-west of the town. Ukrainian forces tried to…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
Russia’s attacks and Ukraine’s counter-attacks in the area of Avdiivka have led to the formation of a new defence line to the north-west and south of the town along the railway line which runs through it. However, repeated attempts by the…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Sadecki
On 17 October 2023 in Beijing, on the sidelines of the Belt and Road Forum organised by China, Hungary’s prime minister Viktor Orbán met Russian President Vladimir Putin. The talks included issues such as gas and oil supplies from Russia…
OSW Commentary |
| Filip Rudnik
The increase in fuel prices in Russia seen since the beginning of the year and fuel shortages at individual gas stations forced an unprecedented response from the government: a ban on the export of diesel oil and gasoline. According to…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
Russian forces are maintaining their increased level of activity in several directions, but they have not made significant ground advances.
Analyses |
| Jakub Ber, Piotr Żochowski, Jakub Graca, Łukasz Maślanka
At dawn on 10 October, the Russians launched an offensive operation at Avdiivka. The city and its immediate surroundings came under intense barrelled artillery fire and rocket systems (thermobaric and incendiary phosphorus shells, among…
OSW Commentary |
| OSW team
The Russian invasion of Ukraine and the discussion about possible EU enlargement have given new impetus to the EU debate on institutional reforms. It is mainly Germany which has been setting the tone in this debate. For the ruling SPD-…
OSW Commentary |
| Maria Domańska, Iwona Wiśniewska, Piotr Żochowski
Although Kremlin propaganda has attempted to present the occupied Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia oblasts as permanent elements of the Russian Federation (RF), Russia’s policy towards them has been characterised by violence and…
Analyses |
| Jakub Ber, Piotr Żochowski, Jacek Tarociński
Heavy fighting continues on the Zaporizhzhia front, especially in the area of the Ukrainian wedge driven into the positions of the Russian Zaporizhzhia Army Group on the Kopani-Robotyne-Novoprokopivka-Verbove line.