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OSW Commentary | | Michał Bogusz

The Great Wall of Lights the global impact of Chinas distant-water fishing fleet

China’s distant-water fishing (DWF) fleet is an armada of vessels that the state subsidises, controls, protects and organises, either directly or indirectly. While engaged in commercial fishing activities – many of them illegal and often…
OSW Commentary | | Krzysztof Dębiec

Faster – lower – stronger the policies of Ficos fourth government in Slovakia

Although Robert Fico has been the dominant figure in Slovak politics over the past two decades, his fourth term as prime minister exhibits a number of features that distinguish it from his previous administrations. For the first time, he…
Analyses | | Krzysztof Nieczypor, Piotr Żochowski

An intensification of air strikes instead of an offensive Day 1553 of the war

Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Witold Rodkiewicz, Kamil Kłysiński

Nuclear force exercises in Russia and Belarus

On 19–21 May, the Russian Armed Forces conducted comprehensive exercises involving both components of the country’s nuclear forces – strategic and tactical. The drills included the joint preparation and simulated use of tactical nuclear…
Analyses | | Zuzanna Krzyżanowska

Hostile takeover – court removes leader of Turkeys opposition party

On 21 May, a court in Ankara annulled the results of the general congress of the Republican People’s Party (CHP), Turkey’s largest opposition party. The decision effectively removed Özgür Özel as party leader and reinstated his predecessor…
Analyses | | Michał Bogusz, Witold Rodkiewicz

No change in course the Sino-Russian summit in Beijing

On 19–20 May, Vladimir Putin paid a state visit to China to mark the anniversary of the 2001 Treaty of Good-Neighbourliness and Friendly Cooperation. The two sides extended the treaty for a further five years and held a series of meetings…
Analyses | | Daria Zielińska

The boom in virtual assets in Kyrgyzstan – sanctions as a driver of growth

In 2025, Kyrgyzstan became Central Asia’s leading virtual currency market. According to official data, transactions involving virtual currencies exceeded $31 billion, three times more than in 2024 and far above the country’s nominal GDP.…
Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski, Jacek Tarociński

Mutual escalation of air strikes Day 1546 of the war

Analyses | | Kamil Całus

Balancing and appeasing Bucharests foreign policy amid transatlantic disputes

Donald Trump’s second term and the growing dispute between the United States and the core EU powers, particularly Germany and France, have placed Romania in an increasingly difficult position. Since 1989, Bucharest has based its foreign…
OSW Commentary | | Ilona Gizińska

Technocratic renewal main directions and prospects for Péter Magyars government policy

Péter Magyar’s assumption of power in Hungary, together with his party securing a constitutional majority, brings an end to Fidesz’s 16-year dominance and opens the way for far-reaching state restructuring. The TISZA government has a…