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Analyses | | Anna Kwiatkowska

Merz visits the US German trade diplomacy

From 2 to 4 March, Chancellor Friedrich Merz paid a working visit to the United States at the invitation of President Donald Trump. The key event was a meeting at the White House on 3 March, followed by a working lunch. The agenda was…
Analyses | | Łukasz Maślanka

The E3 and the EU in response to the attack on Iran reluctantly aligned with the US

Europe’s largest countries have declined to join the initial phase of the US-Israeli strikes against Iran. However, they have condemned the Islamic Republic’s disproportionate and ‘indiscriminate’ retaliatory campaign targeting countries…
Analyses | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

Suspension of LNG exports from Qatar – the spectre of another gas crisis

The US-Israeli attack on Iran and its regional repercussions have significantly affected global energy markets, most notably the gas market. On 2 March, Qatar, the world’s third-largest exporter of liquefied natural gas, announced a…
Analyses | | Lidia Gibadło, Justyna Gotkowska

Germany and nuclear deterrence dialogue with France while preserving US guarantees

In an article published on 13 February in the bimonthly Foreign Affairs and in remarks delivered during the Munich Security Conference, Chancellor Friedrich Merz (CDU) confirmed that Germany and France have been engaged in talks on nuclear…
Analyses | | Lidia Gibadło, Aleksandra Kozaczyńska, Paulina Uznańska

Assertiveness in retreat Merz visits China

On 25–26 February, Friedrich Merz (CDU) visited China for the first time in his capacity as Chancellor. During a joint press statement with Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and the leader of the People’s…
Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski

The Russians are advancing towards Sloviansk and Kramatorsk Day 1462 of the war

OSW Commentary | | Marek Menkiszak

Sometimes it is better not to talk Pitfalls of potential dialogue between Europe and Russia

In recent weeks, discussions have intensified regarding the possible resumption of dialogue – including at the highest political level – between the European Union, its Member States, and the Russian Federation. This debate has unfolded in…
Analyses | | Michał Kędzierski

Germany and the ETS yes to softening no to dismantling

During the European Industry Summit in Antwerp, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz called for changes to the EU Emissions Trading System in unusually strong terms. His remarks resonated widely across Europe and were interpreted as calling…
Analyses | | Kamil Frymark, Michał Kędzierski

Germany new law on the protection of critical infrastructure

On 29 January, with the votes of the CDU/CSU–SPD coalition and the opposition AfD, the Bundestag adopted a framework law on the protection of critical infrastructure (the KRITIS umbrella law), implementing the EU CER Directive on the…
OSW Commentary | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

Excessive dependence The growing role of US LNG and oil in the EU market

Since 2022, the EU has undergone a rapid transformation of its natural gas and crude oil import mix. Faced with Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, now in its fourth year, and the Russian-European economic war, the EU has almost…