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Analyses | | Michał Bogusz

Fourth Plenum of the Central Committee of the 20th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party major purges in the military and within the party

Between 20 and 23 October, the Fourth Plenary Session (Fourth Plenum) of the Central Committee (CC) of the 20th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) took place. During the meeting, the composition of the CC and its bodies…
Analyses | | Maciej Kalwasiński, Michał Bogusz

A blow dealt to Europes defence China steps up control of strategic exports

On 9 October, China’s Ministry of Commerce announced an expansion of oversight of foreign sales of dual-use civilian and military goods, including rare earth metals and the technologies used to produce them, advanced lithium-ion batteries…
Analyses | | Michał Bogusz, Filip Rudnik, Miłosz Bartosiewicz

Summit and parade Russia continues to support Chinas ambitions

From 31 August to 3 September, Vladimir Putin visited the People’s Republic of China, where he took part in a summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) in Tianjin. He then travelled to Beijing for a military parade marking the…
OSW Commentary | | Michał Bogusz

Open code closed system the role of open source in Chinas technological rivalry with the United States

China is striving to build its own technological ecosystem – one that is not only independent, but also resilient to sanctions and restrictions imposed by the United States, currently the most prolific user of such measures. As a result,…
Analyses | | Michał Bogusz, Kamil Kłysiński

A courtesy visit with no substance Lukashenka visits Beijing

From 2–4 June, Alyaksandr Lukashenka paid his fifteenth visit to the People’s Republic of China, the first since March 2023. Simultaneously, a Belarusian delegation travelled to Beijing for a meeting of finance ministers and central bank…
OSW Commentary | | Michał Bogusz, Witold Rodkiewicz

Three years of war in Ukraine the Chinese-Russian alliance passes the test

… of NATO and the need to defend Russia”. [2] See M. Bogusz, J. Jakóbowski, W. Rodkiewicz, ‘ Koniec gry … OSW , no. 528, 23 February 2022, osw.waw.pl. [3] See M. Bogusz, ‘ ChRL wobec kryzysu ukraińsko-rosyjskiego ’, … OSW , no. 435, 25 March 2022, osw.waw.pl. [4] See M. Bogusz, ‘ China’s challenges in the Indo-Pacific in the …
OSW Commentary | | Michał Bogusz

Chinas pressure on the Philippines the risk of an escalating conflict

… aspects of disputes in the South China Sea, see M. Bogusz, Nine dashes. Beijing’s territorial claims in the … 12 July 2016, at: web.archive.org. [7] See M. Bogusz, Nine dashes … , op. cit. , p. 13. [8] See R. … from a few hundred to several thousand. [17] See M. Bogusz, J. Jakóbowski, W. Rodkiewicz, The Beijing-Moscow …
OSW Commentary | | Michał Bogusz

Acceptance regardless of the costs Chinas stance on the Russia–North Korea alliance

… Korea ’, OSW, 20 June 2024, osw.waw.pl. [2]   See M. Bogusz, J. Jakóbowski, W. Rodkiewicz, The Beijing–Moscow …
OSW Commentary | | Michał Bogusz

A disaster of their own making The demographic crisis in China

… masculinisation ratio at birth stands at 111.6. [2] M. Bogusz, ‘ China after its abrupt U-turn on the ‘zero … The Economist, 28 July 2021, economist.com. [15] See M. Bogusz, J. Jakóbowski, The Chinese Communist Party and …
OSW Commentary | | Michał Bogusz, Witold Rodkiewicz

Games between allies Xi Jinpings visit to Moscow

… attempts to break it up from the outside.   [1] See M. Bogusz, J. Jakóbowski, W. Rodkiewicz, ‘ Koniec gry … OSW , no. 428, 23 February 2022, osw.waw.pl. [2] M. Bogusz, K. Nieczypor, ‘ China’s diplomatic game over the … 2023, osw.waw.pl. [3] See K. Strachota, K. Chawryło, M. Bogusz, M. Menkiszak, ‘ Against the backdrop of war. The …