On 27 July, a court in Yerevan ordered the arrest for two months of Robert Kocharyan, the former president of Armenia from 1998 to 2008.

On 9 July, the Romanian parliament passed an act regulating oil and gas extraction from offshore fields in the Black Sea.

On 19 July, on the first reading, the State Duma adopted a draft law on raising the retirement age of women from 55 to 63 years and men from 60 to 65.

In recent weeks there has been a cooling in the traditionally friendly relations between Greece and Russia.

It has been almost two years since the death of the long-serving leader of Uzbekistan President Islam Karimov, and since Shavkat Mirziyoyev took up power.

The minority government of Andrej Babiš won a parliamentary vote of confidence in the night of 11 to 12 July.

On 4 July, the Romanian parliament hastily passed controversial changes in the Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure.

When Belarus embarked on the construction of its first nuclear power plant in Astravyets in 2012, the official objective was to significantly reduce the share played by imported Russian gas in the country’s electricity production.

The NATO summit in Brussels on 11–12 July will be a summit of political and military paradoxes.

Donald Trump has pursued his strategy of stepping up pressure on Beijing by threatening it with a tariff war since March 2018.