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Analyses | | Krzysztof Nieczypor, Sławomir Matuszak, Jacek Tarociński

New military support mechanism from the US Day 1238 of the war

Analyses | | Ilona Gizińska

Hungarian-Russian Paks nuclear project a new breach in Western sanctions

In recent weeks, the Hungarian authorities have announced that foreign partners have lifted some of the restrictions related to the Paks II nuclear power plant project, which is being developed in cooperation with Russia.
Analyses | | Łukasz Maślanka, Jacek Tarociński

France and the United Kingdom the beginning of bilateral coordination of nuclear deterrence

During French President Emmanuel Macron’s visit to the United Kingdom from 8 to 10 July, the two countries signed new agreements aimed at enhancing their defence cooperation, specifically in the fields of nuclear policy, land force…
Analyses | | Marcin Jędrysiak

European Court of Human Rights Russia responsible for the downing of flight MH17

On 9 July, the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) found Russia responsible for the downing of the Malaysian passenger aircraft MH17 in 2014, as well as for numerous violations of the European Convention on Human Rights in territories of…
Analyses | | Andrzej Kohut, Jacek Tarociński

Trumps One Big Beautiful Bill Act lower taxes and greater focus on border protection and confrontation with China

On 4 July, President Donald Trump signed a reconciliation bill, concluding months of negotiations in the US Congress over its final form. The legislation enables adjustments to the budget for the ongoing fiscal year and represents a key…
Analyses | | Jan Nowinowski

Bulgaria joins the eurozone in 2026 a success for the government amid public concerns

On 8 July, the EU’s Economic and Financial Affairs Council (ECOFIN) approved Bulgaria’s accession to the eurozone, effective from 1 January 2026. Earlier reports by the European Commission and the European Central Bank confirmed that Sofia…
Analyses | | Krzysztof Dębiec

Czech Republic without power lessons from the blackout

Following a power system failure around midday on 4 July, the electricity supply was temporarily cut off to approximately one million consumption points in the Czech Republic – roughly one sixth of the total. The blackout affected six of…
Analyses | | Adam Michalski

Turbulent stabilisation Turkeys economy under Şimşeks supervision

In June, two years passed since Mehmet Şimşek assumed office as Minister of Treasury and Finance, under whose leadership the Turkish economy has been gradually emerging from a prolonged crisis marked by depreciation of the lira, high…
Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Krzysztof Nieczypor

Shaheds hit Ukrainian recruitment centres Day 1231 of the war

Analyses | | Kamil Całus

The EU–Moldova summit pre-election support for pro-European forces

On 4 July, the first EU–Moldova summit was held in Chișinău. It was attended by the President of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen, the President of the European Council, António Costa, and representatives of the Moldovan…