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Analyses | | Lidia Gibadło, Aleksandra Kozaczyńska, Paulina Uznańska

Assertiveness in retreat Merz visits China

On 25–26 February, Friedrich Merz (CDU) visited China for the first time in his capacity as Chancellor. During a joint press statement with Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and the leader of the People’s…
Analyses | | Justyna Gotkowska

Sweden and the erosion of the nuclear taboo

Since the beginning of January this year, a debate on nuclear deterrence has been under way in Sweden.
Analyses | | Karol Wasilewski

Turkey and nuclear weapons playing a game of strategic ambiguity

In media appearances this February, Foreign Minister Hakan Fidan has suggested that international developments could prompt Turkey to acquire nuclear weapons. Ankara is concerned about the prospect of a nuclear arms race in the Middle East…
Analyses | | OSW team

US and Israeli strikes on Iran an attempt to engineer regime change

On 28 February, the armed forces of the United States and Israel launched a large-scale campaign of air strikes against Iran, codenamed Operation Epic Fury by the Pentagon and Lion’s Roar by the Israel Defense Forces. Its stated objective…
Analyses | | Jan Nowinowski

Protests in Serbia the government and its opponents close ranks

Since the beginning of 2026, attempts have intensified to remobilise the Serbian student movement – the driving force behind the mass demonstrations that erupted following the construction disaster at the Novi Sad railway station on 1…
Analyses | | Joanna Hyndle-Hussein

Lithuania towards the normalisation of relations with China

On 19 February, the President of Lithuania, Gitanas Nausėda, held consultations with government representatives concerning the normalisation of relations with China. A serious crisis in bilateral relations arose in 2021, following the…
Analyses | | Kamil Kłysiński

No breakthrough as planned the current state of Russia-Belarus integration

On 26 February, Moscow hosted a further meeting of the Supreme State Council of the Union State, a format for regular meetings between the leaders of Russia and Belarus, together with their respective government delegations. On this…
OSW Commentary | | Ilona Gizińska

OSW update Hungary election no 2

The parliamentary elections on 12 April will test the functioning of Hungary’s electoral system in unprecedented political circumstances, with opinion polls indicating that a single opposition party – TISZA – has a lead over the…
Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski

The Russians are advancing towards Sloviansk and Kramatorsk Day 1462 of the war

OSW Commentary | | Wojciech Konończuk

Year four of the war the front stabilises negotiations stall

Ukraine has survived the fourth, and arguably most difficult, year of the war. Russian forces maintained the initiative and made battlefield advances, but failed to achieve any significant operational gains or to secure a strategic…