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Analyses |
| Piotr Żochowski
On 2 January, President Volodymyr Zelensky carried out a reshuffle within the structures responsible for the state’s security policy. Among the key personnel changes, he appointed Kyrylo Budanov, who formerly led Ukrainian military…
OSW Report |
| Jolanta Darczewska
What is this book about? It demonstrates that the current wartime narrative – namely, that “Russia is the victim of a Western conspiracy and bears no responsibility for the outbreak of the war” – is deeply rooted in a historical and…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
Analyses |
| Jan Nowinowski
On 28 December, snap parliamentary elections were held in Kosovo, resulting in a victory for the left-wing Self-Determination coalition (Alb. Vetëvendosje). According to preliminary results, the bloc led by acting Prime Minister Albin…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
Analyses |
| Witold Rodkiewicz, Krzysztof Nieczypor
On 19 December, a Ukrainian delegation led by Rustem Umerov, Secretary of Ukraine’s National Security and Defence Council, and General Andrii Hnatov, Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces, began talks with Steve Witkoff, special…
Analyses |
| Łukasz Maślanka, Sławomir Matuszak, Iwona Wiśniewska
During its summit on 18–19 December, the European Council did not agree to grant Ukraine the so-called reparations loan based on frozen Russian assets. However, a decision was taken to provide Kyiv with an interest-free loan of €90 billion…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Kohut, Jacek Tarociński
On 18 December, President Donald Trump signed into law the National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) for the 2026 fiscal year, after it received bipartisan support in Congress, passing the House of Representatives by 312 votes to 112 and…
Analyses |
| Zuzanna Krzyżanowska
In 2025, the Turkish–Kurdish peace process witnessed several breakthrough developments, most notably the disarmament of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), the organisation’s self-dissolution, and – above all – the withdrawal of its…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Dębiec
On 15 December, President Petr Pavel formally nominated the government of Andrej Babiš, formed following the elections to the Chamber of Deputies held on 3–4 October (see ‘Parliamentary elections in the Czech Republic: Babiš's triumph’).