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OSW Report |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota
Since the outbreak of Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, the effective implementation of three key energy policy objectives has gained importance: ensuring energy security alongside the EU’s ambitious climate agenda, maintaining…
Point of View |
| Łukasz Maślanka
Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 provided an impulse for the development of EU security and defence policy initiatives. Member states provided significant military assistance to Kyiv, making innovative use of Common…
Analyses |
| Aleksandra Kozaczyńska
In 2024, the United States was Germany’s most important trading partner, with a trade volume of €253.4 billion and a surplus of €70 billion (see table). The US thus surpassed the previous leader, China (€254.2 billion in trade volume in…
Analyses |
| Ilona Gizińska
Between 11 and 12 February, Alice Weidel, the chancellor candidate endorsed by the far-right Alternative for Germany (AfD) party, visited Budapest. During a nearly hour-long joint press conference, Viktor Orbán stated that he regarded all…
Analyses |
| Michał Kędzierski, Agata Łoskot-Strachota
On 4 March, the meeting of the EU Energy Council addressed the issue of the German gas storage levy (Gasspeicherumlage) and the need for greater coordination at the European level as requested by delegations from Austria, the Czech…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Dębiec
The President of the Czech Republic, Petr Pavel, visited Berlin on 20 and 21 March. He met his counterpart Frank-Walter Steinmeier and the German Chancellor Olaf Scholz, as well as former President Joachim Gauck and Angela Merkel’s long-…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Sadecki
On 9–11 October, Prime Minister Viktor Orbán paid a visit to Germany, the highlight of which was a meeting with Chancellor Olaf Scholz. According to press reports, Orbán also met with Angela Merkel and former CDU leader Armin Laschet. In…
Analyses |
| Konrad Popławski
On 27 May, the European Commission announced a recovery plan for the EU economy, the key element of which is the creation of the Next Generation EU fund, planned to amount to €750 billion. The basis for the proposal was the German-French…
OSW Report |
| Konrad Popławski
The latest results from the Visegrád Group states show them to be Germany’s most important trading partner.
Analyses |
| Marta Szpala, Kamil Frymark
Increased security on the Macedonian-Greek border has provoked an accumulation of the wave of migrants in Greece.