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OSW Studies |
| Szymon Kardaś
Although in the 1990s the Russian Far East was not an important region in Russian central government’s internal policy, when Vladimir Putin assumed the presidency it was declared strategically significant.
OSW Commentary |
| Justyna Gotkowska
On 22 June the European Council agreed on the need to launch a permanent structured cooperation (PESCO) in the field of security and defence.
Point of View |
| Jolanta Darczewska, Piotr Żochowski
The remarks presented in this paper show the complexity and multi-dimensionality of the techniques referred to as ‘active measures’. The renaissance of this question currently observable today has called their role in causing crises into…
OSW Commentary |
| Szymon Kardaś, Kamil Kłysiński
The energy sector is an essential area in Russian-Belarusian relations.
OSW Commentary |
| Tomasz Piechal
Illegal amber mining in Ukraine has intensified since the Revolution of dignity.
OSW Commentary |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
The improvement of economic indicators, along with the manner of presenting data, result in loss of their accuracy, what justifies reservations towards them.
OSW Report |
| Wojciech Konończuk
The oil industry does not play a major role in the Ukrainian energy sector and has smaller economic and political significance than the gas, coal and nuclear sectors. The issues linked to the Ukrainian fuel sector are rarely given…
OSW Commentary |
| Krzysztof Strachota
The citizens of Turkey voted in a national referendum to amend the constitution. This will lead to a radical strengthening of the president’s power.
OSW Commentary |
| Tadeusz A Olszański
The political situation in Ukraine is determined primarily by the ongoing war, and the situation of stalemate at the front is raising the level of public impatience.
OSW Commentary |
| Józef Lang
Over the past fifteen years, the presence in Russia of several million labour migrants from Central Asia has been a key determinant of the region’s stability.