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OSW Commentary |
| Mariusz Marszewski, Krzysztof Strachota
On 15 October Kyrgyzstan’s president, Sooronobay Jeenbekov, resigned from his position and his duties were taken over by the opposition leader, Sadyr Japarov. The change in power was brought about by large-scale protests which broke out on…
OSW Commentary |
| Jadwiga Rogoża, Iwona Wiśniewska
During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, Moscow has stepped up its activities in the global ‘vaccine race’ against SARS-CoV-2. So far Russia has registered two vaccines, which was announced by President Vladimir Putin himself. The…
OSW Commentary |
| Piotr Żochowski, Sławomir Matuszak, Tadeusz Iwański
The high susceptibility of Ukrainian officials to corruption has been one factor affecting the condition of the Ukrainian state. Since 2014, the government has managed to create several anti-corruption institutions whose independence from…
OSW Commentary |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota
In recent months, the rules for gas transmission through the countries of Central and South-Eastern Europe have been changing at an ever faster rate. There has been much talk about opening new routes for exporting Russian gas to the…
OSW Report |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
The digital transformation has become one of the Russian government’s economic priorities during Vladimir Putin’s fourth presidential term. At its core has been the development of ICT infrastructure, and especially the deployment of fifth-…
OSW Report |
| Kamil Kłysiński, Wojciech Konończuk
The outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict in 2014 became a turning point in Belarus’s historical narrative and forced the regime to emphasise Belarusian distinctiveness from Russia more than before. The activation of the politics of…
OSW Commentary |
| Piotr Szymański
Over the last few years, Tallinn has been increasingly involved in military cooperation in the EU and with France. To date, Estonia is the only country on NATO’s eastern flank to join the French-led European Intervention Initiative. The…
OSW Commentary |
| Joanna Hyndle-Hussein
The Lithuanian government has not recognised the legality of the election of Alyaksandr Lukashenka as President of the Republic of Belarus, and it now regards the opposition as their main partner. Lithuania has taken on the role of…
OSW Commentary |
| Jolanta Darczewska
The Kremlin defines the role of the Russian Federation as a superpower in the international arena in terms of the strength it can bring to bear due to its resources, and this is the backdrop for the Kremlin’s plans to integrate the…
OSW Commentary |
| Andrzej Wilk
Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Southern Military District (SMD), which is the smallest of all the main administrative units of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in terms of landmass, has been one of the most powerful…