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OSW Studies | | Rafał Bajczuk

The unfinished reform. An assessment of the energy transformation in Germany

In its time in power, which is shortly to end, the CDU/CSU-SPD coalition introduced key legislative changes enabling a further transformation of the energy sector.  
OSW Commentary | | Piotr Rudkouski

Soft Belarusianisation The ideology of Belarus in the era of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict

Over the past three years, a distinct change has become visible in the ideological discourse of the government of Belarus.
OSW Commentary | | Katarzyna Chawryło

Stalin in contemporary Russia admired and required

Despite the fact that more than 60 years have passed since the death of Joseph Stalin, the leader of the USSR from 1922 to 1953, the memory of him remains alive. 
OSW Commentary | | Wojciech Konończuk, Sławomir Matuszak

Dark clouds over the Ukrainian gas market reform

In September, three out of five members of the supervisory board of Naftogaz, Ukraine’s largest gas company, announced their resignation.
OSW Commentary | | Marcin Kaczmarski, Jakub Jakóbowski

Beijings mistaken offer the 16+1 and Chinas policy towards the European Union

Despite China’s growing involvement in Central and Eastern Europe, Beijing has not succeeded in making an attractive offer to the region’s EU member states.
OSW Commentary | | Andrzej Wilk

The Zapad-2017 exercises the information war for now

The Russian-Belarusian Zapad-2017 exercises, scheduled for 14–20 September, have for many months been the core of an information war between Russia and NATO. 
OSW Commentary | | Artur Ciechanowicz

Elections to the Bundestag make or break for the liberal party

FDP’s defeat in the 2013 elections was viewed as the end of the German liberal party. However, the FDP’s new leader has managed to radically change the party’s image.
OSW Studies | | Piotr Szymański

The multi-speed Baltic States Reinforcing the defence capabilities of Lithuania Latvia and Estonia

The Baltic states are often viewed by the West and Russia as a single region. However, the different economic and demographic potentials, strategic cultures and geographic location result in differences in their defence solutions.
OSW Studies | | Rafał Sadowski

The aftermath of the crisis An overhaul of Ukraines banking sector

In 2014–2016, Ukraine’s banking sector was affected by what has proven to be the most serious crisis in its modern history. Almost half of the banks went bankrupt and the losses incurred by the state and banking sector clients was in…
OSW Commentary | | Józef Lang, Krzysztof Strachota

Iraqi Kurdistan – the beginning of a new crisis in the Middle East

Iraq as a whole is facing a new conflict which is likely to result in a thorough revision of the present balance of power in this part of the Middle East.