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OSW Commentary | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

The European Commission enables increased use of the OPAL pipeline by Gazprom

European Commission announced its decision setting out the rules for increased utilisation by the Russian gas company Gazprom of the OPAL pipeline.
OSW Commentary | | Marek Menkiszak

Moscow chooses Trump Russia on the US presidential elections

Immediately after the announcement of the American election results, Russian President Vladimir Putin congratulated Donald Trump on his victory.
OSW Commentary | | Kamil Frymark

Dreaming of normalisation Germany vs Russia

Posing as an architect of the peace process in Ukraine, Germany has indirectly become a hostage to the success of this process (or the lack of it).
OSW Commentary | | Mateusz Chudziak, Krzysztof Strachota

A breakthrough year in relations between Turkey and the European Union – an attempt to take stock

One year has passed since the outbreak of the EU migration crisis which became the basis of unprecedented co-operation between Turkey and the EU.
OSW Commentary | | Justyna Gotkowska, Piotr Szymański

The Nordic countries on Nord Stream 2 between scepticism and neutrality

Sweden, Finland and Denmark have seen a revival of the debate on the Nord Stream 2 project in recent months.
OSW Commentary | | Jakub Jakóbowski, Marcin Kaczmarski

The EU on granting China market economy status a compromise or a dodge

A dispute between EU and China regarding the interpretation of the conditions of Beijing’s accession to the WTO and the future of trade relations.
OSW Commentary | | Jakub Jakóbowski

Green economy or coal counter-revolution Challenges to Chinas economic reform process

Developments in the Chinese coal sector have revealed a series of fundamental challenges to the changes in China’s economic model.
OSW Commentary | | Marcin Kaczmarski, Witold Rodkiewicz

Russias Greater Eurasia and Chinas New Silk Road adaptation instead of competition

Russia has ultimately opted for the strategy of joining a stronger partner instead of choosing the strategy of counterbalancing the rising power of China.
OSW Report | | Rafał Bajczuk

Dependence management The background of the German gas policy

Natural gas, after crude oil, is the most important energy carrier in the German economy. Over the past twenty years, natural gas has been the only conventional energy carrier to have increased its share in the German energy basket.
OSW Commentary | | Justyna Gotkowska

High on reassurance low on deterrence – Germanys stance on strengthening NATOs eastern flank

Germany’s stance on strengthening NATO’s eastern flank has evolved over the last two years.