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OSW Commentary |
| Bartłomiej Pierzchała
https://www.osw.waw.pl/sanctions/
High-level analysis of the European Union’s response to the embargo on dual-use item exports to Russia.
Dual-Use Sanctions to Russia
OSW Commentary |
| Marcin Jędrysiak, Tadeusz Iwański
For several months, Ukraine has seen increased political activity from both the government and the opposition. Statements by the US president expressing a desire to swiftly negotiate a Ukrainian-Russian ceasefire, which could pave the way…
OSW Commentary |
| Zespół Niemiec i Europy Północnej OSW
The amendment to Germany’s Basic Law, enabling increased spending on defence and infrastructure investments, should be seen as a key element of the changes initiated in the country following Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 – albeit a…
OSW Commentary |
| Krzysztof Nieczypor
Poland’s presidency of the Council of the EU, which started on 1 January this year, is seen by Ukraine as an opportunity to inject new momentum into its EU integration process. Ukraine aims to open accession negotiations in at least three…
OSW Commentary |
| Kamil Całus
Over the past three decades, Romania has been among the fastest-depopulating countries in the European Union. Between the beginning of its political and economic transition and 2021, the country lost as much as 17% of its population.…
OSW Commentary |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
In early 2025, Ukraine was shaken by a scandal triggered by reports of mass desertions from the French-trained Anne of Kyiv 155th Mechanised Brigade.
OSW Commentary |
| Łukasz Maślanka, Piotr Szymański
NATO and the EU, Europe’s two most important security institutions, are currently pursuing their second round of efforts within the past decade to enhance the crisis resilience of states and societies. The first followed Russia’s…
OSW Commentary |
| Wojciech Konończuk
Despite advances by Russian forces, the third year of full-scale war has not seen a fundamental shift in the military situation. However, it has brought a significant political shift with Donald Trump assuming the US presidency on 20…
OSW Commentary |
| Marek Menkiszak
Moscow has reacted to the inauguration and the initial decisions of President Donald Trump with restraint. On the one hand, Russia has sent positive signals, including congratulations and declarations of readiness for dialogue. On the…
OSW Commentary |
| Michał Bogusz, Witold Rodkiewicz
China’s support for Russia in its conflict with Ukraine and the West equates to it investing in Putin’s Russia. Beijing cannot afford for Putin to fail, as this would threaten the stability of the anti-Western regime in Russia. The war in…