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Analyses |
| Daria Zielińska
Kazakhstan’s oil sector is facing a serious crisis due to reduced throughput of the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC), caused by Ukrainian drone attacks in November 2025 and January of this year. The CPC pipeline transports about 1% of…
Analyses |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
This document is intended to replace more than 100 bilateral agreements which currently govern free trade between these countries. The free trade area can only come into force when all the signatory states ratify it.
Analyses |
During President Nursultan Nazarbayev’s visit to Kyiv on 14-15 September, agreement was reached concerning the resumption of Kazakh oil transit through Ukrainian territory. The resumption of transit and supplies will have great…