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Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Maria Domańska
On the night of 23/24 February, Russian President Vladimir Putin delivered a message to the nation, during which he announced the beginning of a special military operation aimed at defending the people of Donbas against ‘genocide’, and at…
OSW Commentary |
| Michał Kędzierski
The German economy is heavily dependent on natural gas, almost all of which it purchases from foreign suppliers. More than half of this is from Russia. For years, Germany underestimated the dangerous degree of its gas dependence on Russia…
Analyses |
| Piotr Żochowski
On 22 February, the Federation Council, at the request of Vladimir Putin, gave its consent to the use of armed forces outside Russia. The document does not state in which areas this will be permitted, and leaves that decision to the…
Analyses |
| Marek Menkiszak
On 21 February, Russian President Vladimir Putin delivered an address in which he announced the recognition of the independence of two separatist para-states created in 2014 in the Russian-occupied part of Ukraine’s Donbas – the so-called…
Analyses |
| Piotr Żochowski
The situation in the occupied part of eastern Ukraine has significantly worsened in recent days. On 18 February, the self-proclaimed authorities of the so-called Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics (DPR & LPR), which are fully…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk
During a meeting with President Vladimir Putin on 14 February, Defence Minister Sergei Shoigu announced that some of the large-scale exercises of the Russian Armed Forces had ended, while others were close to completion. The next day, the…
Analyses |
| Szymon Kardaś
On 4 February, during Vladimir Putin’s visit to Beijing, Gazprom signed a new contract with the Chinese company CNPC to supply gas to the PRC. The contract states that the company will provide its Chinese partners with 10 bcm of gas…
Analyses |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
On 3 February, the chemical concern EuroChem Group AG, based in Switzerland and owned by the Russian billionaire Andrei Melnichenko, informed that it was holding talks regarding the acquisition of the nitrogen assets of the Borealis Group…
Analyses |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota
Due to the increasing risk of a Russian invasion of Ukraine, the growing tension in Russia’s relations with the West, and the persistent challenges on the European gas and energy market, information is being released about the plans to…
Analyses |
| Witold Rodkiewicz
On 27 and 28 January, Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov and Kremlin spokesman Dmitri Peskov commented for the first time on the responses which the United States and NATO gave on 26 January to Russia’s ultimatum on European security from…