The construction of the second branch of the Baku–Tbilisi–Erzurum gas pipeline began on 20 September in Baku.

Due to the West’s reluctance to offer military support, as well as the difficult situation in Donbas, Ukraine has been forced to seek a compromise with Moscow.

Despite the relatively restrained policy in the Middle East, Turkey still faces serious threats resulting from the conflicts in Syria and Iraq.

The ongoing militarisation of the Russian state raises questions about its long-term consequences.

The regional elections illustrate the evolution of the socio-political situation in Russia, which has taken on its final shape following the annexation of Crimea.

The act is an effect of the agreement reached on 5 September in Minsk during the meeting of the trilateral contact group.

The problems with Russian gas have further increased concerns about the security of supplies.

The elections will be held in a very tense atmosphere, and the outcome will largely depend on further developments in the Donbas.

A precedent: the EU recognises the right of Russia to influence the shape of EU relations with the countries of the former USSR.

Moscow is preparing itself for the ‘long game’ in gas with its European partners.