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Analyses | | Daria Zielińska

Kazakhstans new constitution preparations for succession and the façade of democratisation

On 15 March, Kazakhstan’s citizens voted in a referendum to adopt a new constitution, with 87% of voters supporting the measure, and official turnout standing at 73%. President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev initiated the constitutional reform…
Analyses | | Daria Zielińska

Ukrainian attacks on the CPC oil pipeline outlook for Kazakhstans oil sector

Kazakhstan’s oil sector is facing a serious crisis due to reduced throughput of the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC), caused by Ukrainian drone attacks in November 2025 and January of this year. The CPC pipeline transports about 1% of…