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Analyses | | Adam Michalski, Krzysztof Strachota

The Mecca agreement a loose alliance between Saudi Arabia Pakistan and Turkey

On 7 August, in Mecca, Turkey, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia signed the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement, which aims to enhance collective deterrence and improve coordination and integration of the three countries’ defence capabilities. In a…
Analyses | | Zuzanna Krzyżanowska, Adam Michalski

Turkey selective amnesty for PKK members

On 10 August, Turkey’s parliament passed a law establishing a legal mechanism enabling former Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) militants to return to civilian life. The legislation was backed by the governing camp, the pro-Kurdish Peoples’…