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Analyses | | Maciej Kalwasiński

China-Russia trade in early 2025 Fueling Moscows war despite headwinds

Despite falling oil and car shipments dragging down headline trade figures, China remains central to sustaining Russia’s economy and war effort in 2025.
OSW Commentary | | Iwona Wiśniewska, Maciej Kalwasiński

Russias weak spot the financial sanctions are working

Since December 2023, the US administration has been increasing its pressure on Russia’s financial sector and its foreign partners. This has made it progressively more difficult for the Russian Federation to pay for imported goods and…