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Analyses | | Adam Michalski, Krzysztof Strachota

The Mecca agreement a loose alliance between Saudi Arabia Pakistan and Turkey

On 7 August, in Mecca, Turkey, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia signed the Mecca Joint Defence Agreement, which aims to enhance collective deterrence and improve coordination and integration of the three countries’ defence capabilities. In a…
Analyses | | Adam Michalski, Marek Matusiak

Turkey severs its trade relations with Israel

On 2 May, Turkey’s ministry of trade announced its decision to completely halt its trade with Israel due to “the mounting humanitarian tragedy” unfolding in the Palestinian territories in connection with the Israeli offensive in the Gaza…