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OSW Commentary |
| Kamil Całus, Adam Michalski, Jan Nowinowski, Jacek Tarociński
The Russian Federation’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine has heightened security risks for NATO allies in the Black Sea region, namely Romania, Bulgaria and Turkey. These countries differ in how they perceive the challenges and threats, as…
OSW Report |
| Konrad Popławski, Sandra Baniak-Stachowiak, Adam Michalski, Marcin Popławski
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, which has now been ongoing for almost two years, is not only leading to significant political re-evaluations, but is also bringing with it significant transformations in Eurasian transport routes. One of the…
Analyses |
| Łukasz Kobeszko, Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Adam Michalski
On 3 January 2023, an agreement was signed in Sofia between state companies Bulgargaz and BOTAŞ, in the presence of the Bulgarian and Turkish energy ministers Rosen Hristov and Fatih Dönmez. The gas contract, whose term is 13 years,…