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OSW Commentary | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota, Maciej Kalwasiński

The EU in the face of Chinas growing role in global and European climate policy

At the COP30 climate summit in the Brazilian city of Belém, the European Union hopes to reaffirm the importance of efforts to reduce emissions, the effectiveness of the multilateral climate regime, and its own leadership within it. At the…
Analyses | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

Israeli attacks on Iran – the impact on oil and gas markets

The Israeli attack on Iran, which began on 13 June, has affected energy commodity markets. Prices rose almost immediately, with monthly Brent crude contracts increasing by approximately 8–13%, reaching $75–78 per barrel. Despite airstrikes…