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OSW Commentary | | Iwona Wiśniewska

Putins elite divides the spoils in Russia large-scale nationalisation and re-privatisation of assets

The war against Ukraine and sweeping Western sanctions have triggered another major wave of asset redistribution in Russia – one of the largest since the collapse of the Soviet Union. The actual scale of this process is difficult to…
OSW Commentary | | Iwona Wiśniewska, Filip Rudnik

Russias budget under pressure from low oil prices

Since the beginning of 2025, Russian oil exporters have faced difficulties that are negatively impacting the state’s oil and gas revenues. Sanctions, combined with a strong rouble and falling global oil prices, are increasingly…
OSW Commentary | | Iwona Wiśniewska

The costs of war are driving the economy Russias economic situation in 2024

The sharp increase in wartime budget spending in 2024 has helped to sustain Russia’s high economic growth rates, particularly double-digit growth in manufacturing industries serving the military. However, the number of economic challenges…