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Analyses | | Piotr Szymański, Bartosz Chmielewski, Marek Menkiszak

Russian fighter jets in Estonian airspace a test of NATOs unity

On 19 September, three Russian MiG-31 fighter jets violated Estonian airspace above its territorial waters in the Gulf of Finland, remaining there for 12 minutes at a depth up to 10 kilometres. The aircraft were detected, intercepted, and…
Analyses | | Zuzanna Krzyżanowska, Karol Wasilewski

Awaiting a verdict Turkish opposition under pressure

On 15 September, a court in Ankara decided to postpone proceedings concerning the general congress of the Republican People’s Party (CHP) until 24 October. The main opposition party had feared a ruling that could remove Özgür Özel from his…
Analyses | | Marcin Jędrysiak

Ukraine judicial reform advances despite fraying parliamentary majority

On 16 September, Ukraine’s Verkhovna Rada adopted a law establishing the Specialised District Administrative Court (SOAS) and the Specialised Administrative Court of Appeal (SAAS). The bill was supported by 239 MPs, including 193 from…
Analyses | | Ilona Gizińska

Dark clouds over Paks II no approval for Hungarys state aid

On 11 September, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) annulled the European Commission’s March 2017 decision approving Hungary’s provision of state aid for the expansion of the Paks nuclear power plant – a project carried out…
Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski

Death of 24 civilians in Donetsk Oblast Day 1301 of the war

Analyses | | Piotr Żochowski

The Belarusian regime releases 52 political prisoners – Lukashenka is playing a game with the US

On 11 September in Minsk, Alyaksandr Lukashenka hosted John Coale, the US President’s special envoy, and Christopher Smith, Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for Eastern European Affairs. Representatives of the Belarusian side alongside…
OSW Commentary | | Kacper Sienicki

Help from the Far East Japans support for Ukraine

Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine has significantly deepened Ukrainian–Japanese relations, making Tokyo one of Kyiv’s most important partners. This partnership stems from the alignment of both countries’ security interests. Ukraine…
Analyses | | Marek Menkiszak, Katarzyna Chawryło

Weaken divide and deter the aims of Russias provocation against Poland

On the night of 9–10 September, several Russian drones entering from Ukrainian and Belarusian airspace violated Polish airspace.
Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski

Iskander damages Ukrainian government building Day 1294 of the war

Analyses | | Jacek Tarociński, Andrzej Kohut, Piotr Szymański

Consequences of the discontinuation of the Baltic Security Initiative by the Trump administration

On 5 September, citing an anonymous White House source, the Financial Times reported that the Trump administration’s budget proposal for fiscal year 2026 (1 October 2025 – 30 September 2026) does not envisage continued funding for the…