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OSW Commentary |
| Piotr Szymański
The NATO summit in The Hague (24–25 June) – the first chaired by new Secretary General Mark Rutte – was minimalist in both form and content. It concluded with a record-low five-point declaration. This approach to a meeting of NATO heads of…
Analyses |
| Wojciech Górecki, Karol Wasilewski
On 20 June, Armenian prime minister Nikol Pashinyan visited Istanbul, where he met with Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. The talks, which were followed by only brief statements, focused on bilateral relations, the situation in the…
OSW Commentary |
| Zuzanna Krzyżanowska
The Turkish authorities regard the internet – particularly social media platforms and messaging apps, which are increasingly used by citizens to exchange information rapidly – primarily as a threat: a domain of information warfare enabling…
Analyses |
| Miłosz Bartosiewicz, Marek Menkiszak
In response to Israel’s strikes on military and nuclear facilities in Iran on 13 June, Vladimir Putin held phone conversations with Iranian President Masoud Pezeshkian and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. The following day, he…