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Analyses |
| Marcin Popławski, Filip Rudnik
Since Gazprom lost a significant part of its European market, the Russian company has been looking for opportunities to export natural gas to new destinations, including Central Asia. Since the autumn of 2022, Russia has stepped up its…
Analyses |
| Katarzyna Chawryło, Miłosz Bartosiewicz
On 29 October, anti-Israeli and anti-Semitic riots broke out in Makhachkala, the capital of the North Caucasus republic of Dagestan. A crowd overran the airport and stormed onto the tarmac in search of Israeli citizens who were supposedly…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Jakub Ber
The situation in the combat zones has not fundamentally changed. The Russians consolidated their position on the north-eastern outskirts of the coke-chemical complex, the main bastion of Ukrainian resistance in Avdiivka, while the…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
Russian forces recorded advances to the south-east of Avdiivka, where they took up positions in the built-up area of the town; according to some sources, they also made progress to its south-west, reaching the main line of Ukrainian…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Dębiec
The new government led by Robert Fico, which was appointed on 25 October, faces numerous challenges in domestic and foreign policy. The harsh campaign rhetoric used by the eventual winner of Slovakia’s parliamentary elections made Europe…
Analyses |
| Filip Rudnik
Although the West introduced sanctions on seaborne imports of Russian oil in December 2022, Russian budget revenues from oil exports have soared in the second half of this year. This suggests that the price cap has been largely ineffective…
Analyses |
| Ilona Gizińska, Łukasz Kobeszko
On 13 October 2023, a law came into effect in Bulgaria which introduces an additional transit fee (referred to as the ‘energy levy’) for the import and transit of natural gas from the Russian Federation. The new levy was introduced as part…
Analyses |
| Iwona Wiśniewska
On 17 October, the Novosibirsk-based Food Export Trade and the state-owned China Chengtong International Ltd signed a 12-year ‘general contract’ to supply China with 70 million tonnes of grain, legumes and oilseeds produced in the Urals,…
Analyses |
| Kamil Frymark
On 23 October, Sahra Wagenknecht, the former chairwoman of the Die Linke parliamentary group, announced that a new party would be set up based on the Bündnis Sahra Wagenknecht–for Reason and Justice (BSW) association which was registered…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
The Russians have fortified their positions on the north-eastern outskirts of Avdiivka, and made further attempts to break through the Ukrainian defences to the north-west, south and south-west of the town. Ukrainian forces tried to…