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Analyses |
| Joanna Hyndle-Hussein
On 25 September, the Lithuanian parliament (Seimas) swore in the government led by Social Democrat Inga Ruginienė and approved its agenda. The new cabinet is supported by a coalition of three parliamentary groups: the Social Democratic…
OSW Commentary |
| Miłosz Bartosiewicz
The Putin regime has spent over two decades gradually stripping local governments of their autonomy as part of a consistent process of state centralisation. The effective dismantling of the local government system is now nearing completion…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski
Analyses |
| Piotr Szymański, Bartosz Chmielewski, Marek Menkiszak
On 19 September, three Russian MiG-31 fighter jets violated Estonian airspace above its territorial waters in the Gulf of Finland, remaining there for 12 minutes at a depth up to 10 kilometres. The aircraft were detected, intercepted, and…
Analyses |
| Aleksandra Kozaczyńska
After nine months of operating under a provisional financial plan, on 18 September the Bundestag adopted the federal budget for 2025. The delay was a consequence of the collapse of the SPD–Greens–FDP government in autumn 2024, triggered by…
OSW Commentary |
| Krzysztof Dębiec
ANO, the party led by the oligarch and former Prime Minister Andrej Babiš, is the clear frontrunner in the upcoming elections to the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic, scheduled for 3–4 October. Since ANO is likely to be an…
Analyses |
| Zuzanna Krzyżanowska, Karol Wasilewski
On 15 September, a court in Ankara decided to postpone proceedings concerning the general congress of the Republican People’s Party (CHP) until 24 October. The main opposition party had feared a ruling that could remove Özgür Özel from his…
Analyses |
| Marcin Jędrysiak
On 16 September, Ukraine’s Verkhovna Rada adopted a law establishing the Specialised District Administrative Court (SOAS) and the Specialised Administrative Court of Appeal (SAAS). The bill was supported by 239 MPs, including 193 from…
Analyses |
| Ilona Gizińska
On 11 September, the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) annulled the European Commission’s March 2017 decision approving Hungary’s provision of state aid for the expansion of the Paks nuclear power plant – a project carried out…
OSW Commentary |
| Michał Kędzierski
The steel industry in Germany holds significant economic importance for the development of key sectors, such as automotive manufacturing and machinery production. Its strategic role is further increasing in the context of rising defence…