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Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski

Russians cut off from the Starlink system Day 1448 of the war

Analyses | | Daria Zielińska

Ukrainian attacks on the CPC oil pipeline outlook for Kazakhstans oil sector

Kazakhstan’s oil sector is facing a serious crisis due to reduced throughput of the Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC), caused by Ukrainian drone attacks in November 2025 and January of this year. The CPC pipeline transports about 1% of…
Analyses | | Kamil Frymark, Michał Kędzierski

Germany new law on the protection of critical infrastructure

On 29 January, with the votes of the CDU/CSU–SPD coalition and the opposition AfD, the Bundestag adopted a framework law on the protection of critical infrastructure (the KRITIS umbrella law), implementing the EU CER Directive on the…
OSW Commentary | | Agata Łoskot-Strachota

Excessive dependence The growing role of US LNG and oil in the EU market

Since 2022, the EU has undergone a rapid transformation of its natural gas and crude oil import mix. Faced with Russia’s full-scale war against Ukraine, now in its fourth year, and the Russian-European economic war, the EU has almost…
Analyses | | Andrzej Wilk, Piotr Żochowski

A sham energy truce Day 1441 of the war

Analyses | | Krzysztof Dębiec

Czech defence conglomerate CSG becomes the most valuable company in Central Europe

On 23 January, the Czech-based defence conglomerate Czechoslovak Group (CSG) made an exceptionally successful debut on the Euronext Amsterdam stock exchange. The company’s market value surged by 30% to over €33 billion on the first day of…
Analyses | | Krzysztof Nieczypor, Piotr Żochowski, Jacek Tarociński

The Russians are regrouping their forces Day 1434 of the war

Analyses | | Aleksandra Kozaczyńska

Delay of EU-Mercosur deal sparks discontent in Berlin

On 21 January, the European Parliament decided, by a narrow margin of ten votes, to refer the EU-Mercosur trade agreement to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in order to examine its compatibility with the EU treaties. 35…
Analyses | | Lidia Gibadło, Łukasz Maślanka

A reserve tandem German–Italian intergovernmental consultations

On 23 January, German Chancellor Friedrich Merz (CDU) and Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni took part in the 33rd German–Italian intergovernmental consultations in Rome. Merz was accompanied by ten ministers, including Vice-Chancellor…
Analyses | | Justyna Gotkowska, Andrzej Kohut

US National Defense Strategy homeland security and the balance of power in the Indo-Pacific

On 23 January, the US Department of Defense released the National Defense Strategy, a document outlining the Pentagon’s priorities for the coming years. It reaffirms the provisions of the National Security Strategy published in December…