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Analyses |
| Michał Kędzierski
On 5 March, the United States decided to indefinitely exempt the two companies registered in Germany, Rosneft Deutschland (RND) and RN Refining & Marketing (RNRM), from US sanctions imposed on Russian oil companies last October (see ‘…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Nieczypor
Analyses |
| Jacek Tarociński
Operation Epic Fury, launched against Iran on 28 February, has to a considerable extent been conducted on the basis of US assets permanently stationed in Europe. Europe has also played a logistical role in the United States’ military…
Analyses |
| Kamil Frymark
On 8 March, the Greens, who have governed Baden-Württemberg since 2011, won the election to the state parliament (Landtag) with 30.2% of the vote (2.4 percentage points down from their 2021 result). The Christian Democratic Union (CDU),…
Analyses |
| Andrzej Sadecki, Tadeusz Iwański
Tensions in Hungarian–Ukrainian relations have been escalating for several weeks. The immediate cause of the current escalation was the destruction, at the end of January, of a pumping station of the Druzhba pipeline near Brody as a result…
Analyses |
| Agata Łoskot-Strachota
The war between the United States and Israel and Iran, now entering its second week, is increasingly affecting neighbouring the Gulf states that export oil. The blockade of the Strait of Hormuz, which has been in place for several days, is…
Analyses |
| Karol Wasilewski
In a statement issued on 4 March, Turkey’s Ministry of National Defence announced that an Iranian ballistic missile heading towards Turkish airspace had been shot down. It was most likely bound for the İncirlik base, where, among others,…
Analyses |
| Anna Kwiatkowska
From 2 to 4 March, Chancellor Friedrich Merz paid a working visit to the United States at the invitation of President Donald Trump. The key event was a meeting at the White House on 3 March, followed by a working lunch. The agenda was…
Analyses |
| Krzysztof Nieczypor, Jacek Tarociński, Piotr Żochowski
Analyses |
| Łukasz Maślanka
In a speech delivered on 2 March at the strategic submarine base on Île Longue in Brittany, President Emmanuel Macron announced the launch of a transformation of France’s nuclear doctrine towards “forward deterrence” (dissuasion avancée)…