{"id":649,"date":"2025-04-11T09:41:24","date_gmt":"2025-04-11T07:41:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649"},"modified":"2025-05-29T11:44:58","modified_gmt":"2025-05-29T09:44:58","slug":"datasnapshot-omijanie-sankcji","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649","title":{"rendered":"Finding our bearings\u200b"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"649\" class=\"elementor elementor-649\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0b76b5f e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0b76b5f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c199bee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c199bee\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c57dd01 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"c57dd01\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/pl\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"uuid-c7d4733e-9906-4703-b419-9128747784a2\" viewBox=\"0 0 135.9 52.9\"><defs><style>.uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744{fill-rule:evenodd;}.uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744,.uuid-2e76aa74-d142-4e77-97b3-6430899bd65d{fill:#fff;}<\/style><\/defs><g id=\"uuid-0e1e9de2-e379-460d-94ae-f771bcf292dc\"><path class=\"uuid-2e76aa74-d142-4e77-97b3-6430899bd65d\" d=\"M82,30.8c-.3,2.1-.8,4.1-2,5.8-2.6,3.7-6.8,3.8-8.6,3.8s-5,0-7.5-2.7c-1.7-1.8-2.9-4.6-2.9-10.7s.1-3.6.4-5.4c.3-2.2,1.1-6.3,5.7-8.1,1.3-.6,2.8-.8,4.8-.8s5.5,0,8.1,3.5c1.8,2.4,2.2,6,2.2,9.9,0,1.6,0,3.2-.3,4.8,0,0,0,0,0,0ZM79.1,20.3c-.3-1.4-1.4-5.7-7.2-5.7s-7.6,4.1-8.1,8.4c0,.5-.2,1.9-.2,4s.2,5.9,1.5,8.2c1.8,3.1,4.4,3.5,6.4,3.5,6.1,0,7.2-4.5,7.6-6.2.6-2.6.6-5.4.6-6.7s-.2-3.6-.6-5.4c0,0,0,0,0,0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-2e76aa74-d142-4e77-97b3-6430899bd65d\" d=\"M92.5,26.7c-3.5-1.6-6.3-2.8-6.3-7.1s1.4-6.9,8.3-6.9,3.8,0,5.7,1.7c1.9,1.7,2,4.2,2,5.7h-2.6c0-.7,0-1.6-.3-2.5-.7-2.1-2.6-3-4.8-3-3.2,0-5.7,1.7-5.7,4.7s2.2,4,5.3,5.3l1.7.8c3.2,1.4,6.8,2.9,6.8,7.6s-.3,2.5-.9,3.6c-1.6,2.9-4.7,3.9-8,3.9s-5-.5-6.7-2.3c-1.5-1.6-1.9-3.8-1.9-6h2.8c0,1.1,0,3.2,1.4,4.7.6.7,2.1,1.7,4.7,1.7,4.3,0,5.9-2.6,5.9-5.3s-2.4-4.4-5.4-5.6l-2.1-.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-2e76aa74-d142-4e77-97b3-6430899bd65d\" d=\"M129.1,40h-3.9l-3.9-16.6c-.6-2.9-.8-3.8-1.2-6.2-.7,3.1-1,4.3-1.7,7l-4.4,15.9h-4l-5.5-26.8h2.5l4.3,21c.4,2,.5,2.4.9,4.1.5-1.6.6-2,1.1-3.8l5.7-21.3h2.4l5.4,23.5c.2.8.2.8.4,1.6.1-.5.3-1,.5-1.9l5.8-23.1h2.3l-6.8,26.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M12.2,5.7c-.1.5-.8,1.1-1.4,1.2s-1-.2-.9-.8c.1-.5.8-1,1.4-1.1.6-.1,1,.2.9.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M17.1,5.1c0,.5-.8,1-1.4,1.1-.7,0-1.2-.3-1.1-.8s.8-1,1.4-1.1c.7,0,1.2.2,1.1.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M38.7,4.8c.2.7-.5,1.3-1.5,1.1-1-.1-2-.8-2.1-1.6s.6-1.1,1.5-1,1.9.7,2.1,1.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M43,6.2c.2.5-.2.9-.9.8s-1.3-.7-1.4-1.2.3-.8.9-.7c.6.1,1.2.6,1.4,1.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M6.9,10.8c-.1.6-.7,1.3-1.2,1.4s-.8-.3-.7-.9.6-1.2,1.1-1.4c.5-.1.9.2.8.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M11.3,10c-.1.6-.7,1.3-1.4,1.4-.6.1-1.1-.4-1-1,.1-.6.7-1.2,1.3-1.3s1.1.3,1,1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M16.5,9.4c0,.7-.7,1.3-1.5,1.3s-1.3-.4-1.2-1.1.7-1.2,1.5-1.3c.7,0,1.3.4,1.2,1.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M34.3,9.3c0,1-.8,1.8-1.9,1.7-1.1,0-2.1-.9-2.2-1.9,0-1,.8-1.7,2-1.6,1.1,0,2.1.8,2.1,1.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M39.8,8.4c.2,1.1-.7,1.9-2,1.8s-2.5-1.1-2.6-2.2.8-1.8,2-1.7c1.2.1,2.3,1.1,2.5,2.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M44.4,10.5c.2.9-.4,1.6-1.4,1.4-.9-.1-1.8-1-2-2s.5-1.5,1.4-1.4,1.8,1,1.9,1.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M47.9,11.3c.1.6-.2,1-.7.9-.5-.1-1.1-.8-1.2-1.4-.1-.6.2-1,.8-.9.5.1,1,.8,1.1,1.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M6.2,15.7c0,.7-.6,1.4-1.1,1.5s-.9-.4-.8-1.1.5-1.3,1.1-1.4.9.4.8,1.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M10.7,15.1c0,.7-.7,1.4-1.4,1.5-.7,0-1.1-.5-1.1-1.2s.6-1.4,1.3-1.5,1.2.4,1.1,1.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M16.1,14.6c0,.8-.7,1.4-1.5,1.5s-1.3-.5-1.3-1.3.7-1.4,1.5-1.5c.8,0,1.3.5,1.3,1.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M21.9,14.4c0,.8-.7,1.4-1.5,1.5-.8,0-1.5-.6-1.4-1.4,0-.8.7-1.4,1.5-1.4.8,0,1.5.6,1.4,1.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M28.6,14.4c0,1.1-1,2.1-2.2,2.1s-2.2-.9-2.2-2.1,1-2,2.2-2,2.2.9,2.2,2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M35,14.5c0,1.3-1,2.4-2.5,2.4-1.4,0-2.6-1.2-2.7-2.5,0-1.4,1.1-2.3,2.5-2.3,1.4,0,2.6,1.1,2.6,2.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M40.9,13.5c.2,1.5-1,2.7-2.5,2.6s-3-1.5-3.1-3c0-1.6,1.1-2.6,2.7-2.5s2.8,1.4,3,2.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M45.4,15.5c.1,1.2-.6,2.2-1.8,2.1s-2.2-1.3-2.3-2.6c-.1-1.3.8-2.2,1.9-2,1.1.2,2.1,1.3,2.2,2.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M49,16.1c.1,1-.3,1.7-1.1,1.5s-1.5-1.1-1.6-2.1c-.1-1,.5-1.7,1.2-1.5.8.2,1.4,1.1,1.5,2.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M5.1,21c0,.8-.5,1.4-1,1.4-.5,0-.9-.5-.8-1.2s.5-1.4,1-1.4c.5,0,.9.5.9,1.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M10.4,20.6c0,.8-.6,1.5-1.3,1.5s-1.2-.6-1.1-1.4.6-1.4,1.3-1.5,1.2.5,1.2,1.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M15.8,20.4c0,.8-.7,1.5-1.5,1.5-.8,0-1.4-.6-1.4-1.4,0-.8.7-1.5,1.4-1.5s1.4.6,1.4,1.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M21.4,20.3c0,1.2-1,2.2-2.2,2.2-1.2,0-2.1-1-2.1-2.1s1-2.2,2.2-2.2c1.2,0,2.1.9,2.1,2.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M27.3,20.2c0,1.5-1.2,2.7-2.7,2.7-1.5,0-2.7-1.2-2.7-2.6,0-1.5,1.2-2.6,2.7-2.6,1.5,0,2.7,1.1,2.7,2.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M34.1,20.3c0,1.7-1.3,3.1-3.1,3.1-1.8,0-3.2-1.5-3.2-3.2,0-1.8,1.4-3.1,3.2-3.1s3.2,1.4,3.2,3.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M42.9,20.6c0,2.4-1.6,4.3-3.9,4.3-2.3,0-4.4-2.1-4.4-4.6,0-2.5,1.9-4.3,4.2-4.2,2.3.1,4.1,2.1,4.2,4.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M48,21c0,1.5-.8,2.8-2.1,2.7-1.3,0-2.6-1.4-2.6-3.1,0-1.6,1-2.9,2.3-2.7,1.3.1,2.3,1.5,2.4,3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M51.2,21.4c0,1.2-.4,2.1-1.3,2.1-.8,0-1.6-1.1-1.7-2.5,0-1.3.6-2.2,1.5-2.1.8.1,1.5,1.2,1.5,2.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M4.3,26.5c0,.8-.5,1.4-1,1.4-.5,0-.9-.6-.9-1.4s.4-1.4.9-1.4c.5,0,1,.6,1,1.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M9.6,26.5c0,.8-.6,1.5-1.2,1.5-.7,0-1.2-.7-1.2-1.5s.5-1.4,1.2-1.5c.7,0,1.2.6,1.2,1.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M15.7,26.5c0,.8-.6,1.5-1.4,1.5-.8,0-1.4-.7-1.4-1.5s.6-1.5,1.4-1.5c.8,0,1.4.7,1.4,1.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M21.8,26.5c0,.9-.7,1.6-1.5,1.5-.9,0-1.5-.7-1.5-1.5s.7-1.5,1.5-1.6c.8,0,1.5.7,1.5,1.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M28.7,26.5c0,1.2-1,2.2-2.3,2.2s-2.3-1-2.3-2.2,1-2.3,2.3-2.3,2.3,1,2.3,2.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M35.3,26.5c0,1.5-1.2,2.7-2.6,2.7s-2.7-1.2-2.7-2.7,1.2-2.7,2.7-2.7c1.5,0,2.6,1.2,2.6,2.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M41.8,28.1c0,1.7-1.3,3.1-2.9,3.1s-3-1.3-3-3.1c0-1.8,1.4-3.2,3-3.2s2.9,1.4,2.8,3.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M46.6,26.5c0,1.4-.9,2.5-2,2.5-1.2,0-2.2-1.1-2.2-2.5s1-2.5,2.2-2.5,2,1.2,2,2.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M51.5,26.5c0,1-.5,1.9-1.3,2-.8,0-1.4-.8-1.4-2s.7-2,1.4-2c.8,0,1.3.9,1.3,2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M5.1,32c0,.8-.4,1.3-.9,1.2-.5,0-1-.7-1-1.4s.3-1.3.8-1.2,1,.7,1.1,1.4c0,0,0,0,0,0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M10.4,32.3c0,.8-.5,1.4-1.2,1.3-.7,0-1.2-.7-1.3-1.5,0-.8.5-1.4,1.1-1.4.7,0,1.3.7,1.3,1.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M15.8,32.5c0,.8-.6,1.5-1.4,1.4s-1.4-.7-1.4-1.5.6-1.5,1.4-1.4,1.4.7,1.5,1.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M21.8,32.7c0,.8-.7,1.5-1.5,1.5-.8,0-1.5-.7-1.5-1.5,0-.8.6-1.5,1.5-1.5.8,0,1.5.7,1.5,1.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M28,32.7c0,.8-.7,1.5-1.6,1.5s-1.5-.7-1.6-1.5c0-.9.7-1.5,1.6-1.5s1.6.7,1.6,1.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M34.8,32.6c0,1.2-1,2.2-2.2,2.2s-2.2-.9-2.2-2.1c0-1.2,1-2.2,2.2-2.2,1.2,0,2.2,1,2.1,2.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M40.8,34.1c0,1.4-1.2,2.5-2.5,2.6s-2.4-1-2.3-2.4,1.2-2.6,2.6-2.6c1.3,0,2.3,1.1,2.3,2.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M46.1,32.1c0,1.1-.8,2.1-1.8,2.1-1,0-1.8-.8-1.7-1.9,0-1.1.9-2.1,1.9-2.2,1,0,1.7.8,1.6,1.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M50.3,31.8c0,.7-.5,1.4-1,1.4s-1-.5-.9-1.2c0-.8.5-1.4,1-1.4.5,0,.9.5.8,1.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M6.2,37.3c0,.7-.3,1.2-.8,1.1-.5-.1-1-.8-1.1-1.4,0-.7.2-1.2.8-1.1s1,.8,1.1,1.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M10.7,37.9c0,.7-.4,1.3-1.1,1.2s-1.2-.7-1.3-1.5c0-.7.4-1.3,1.1-1.2.7,0,1.3.7,1.3,1.5h0,0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M16.1,38.3c0,.8-.5,1.3-1.3,1.3-.8,0-1.4-.7-1.5-1.5,0-.8.5-1.3,1.3-1.3.8,0,1.4.7,1.5,1.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M40.1,39c0,1.1-1,2-2.1,2.1s-1.9-.7-1.8-1.8c0-1.1,1-2,2.1-2.1,1.1,0,1.9.8,1.8,1.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M44.6,37.6c0,.7-.7,1.4-1.3,1.5-.7,0-1.2-.4-1.1-1.2,0-.7.7-1.4,1.3-1.5s1.1.5,1,1.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M48.6,36.9c0,.7-.5,1.3-1.1,1.4s-.9-.3-.8-1.1c0-.7.6-1.4,1.1-1.5s.9.4.8,1.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M6.9,42.1c.1.6-.2,1-.8.9-.5-.2-1-.8-1.1-1.4-.1-.6.2-1,.7-.9.5.1,1.1.8,1.2,1.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M11.3,42.9c.1.7-.4,1.1-1,1-.6-.1-1.2-.7-1.3-1.3s.3-1.1,1-1,1.3.7,1.4,1.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M16.5,43.5c0,.7-.5,1.1-1.2,1-.7,0-1.4-.7-1.5-1.3s.4-1.2,1.2-1.1,1.4.7,1.5,1.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M39.1,43.2c0,.7-.7,1.2-1.5,1.3-.7,0-1.3-.4-1.2-1s.7-1.3,1.5-1.3c.8,0,1.3.4,1.2,1.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M43.9,42.5c-.1.6-.7,1.2-1.3,1.3s-1.1-.3-1-1,.7-1.3,1.4-1.4c.7,0,1.1.3,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M47.9,41.6c-.1.6-.6,1.2-1.1,1.4-.5.2-.9-.2-.8-.9.1-.6.7-1.3,1.2-1.4s.8.3.7.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M3.2,16.5c0,.7-.5,1.3-.8,1.4-.3.1-.5-.3-.5-.9,0-.6.4-1.2.7-1.4.3-.1.6.3.5.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M1.8,21.4c0,.7-.4,1.3-.7,1.4s-.5-.4-.5-1.1c0-.7.3-1.3.6-1.4.3,0,.6.4.6,1.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M1.2,26.5c0,.7-.3,1.3-.6,1.2C.2,27.7,0,27.1,0,26.5s.2-1.2.6-1.2c.3,0,.6.5.6,1.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M1.7,31.5c0,.7-.2,1.2-.6,1.1-.3,0-.6-.7-.6-1.4,0-.7.2-1.1.5-1.1.3,0,.7.7.7,1.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M20.9,47.8c.8,0,1.4.5,1.4,1s-.5.9-1.2.8-1.4-.5-1.4-1c0-.5.5-1,1.2-.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M20.6,42.5c.8,0,1.5.6,1.5,1.3,0,.7-.6,1.2-1.4,1.1-.8,0-1.4-.6-1.5-1.3s.5-1.2,1.3-1.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M20.4,37.1c.8,0,1.5.7,1.5,1.5,0,.8-.6,1.4-1.4,1.3-.8,0-1.5-.7-1.5-1.4,0-.8.6-1.4,1.4-1.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M26.5,48.5c.8,0,1.4.5,1.4,1,0,.5-.6.9-1.4.9s-1.4-.4-1.4-.9c0-.5.6-1,1.4-1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M26.5,43.3c.8,0,1.5.6,1.5,1.2,0,.7-.7,1.2-1.5,1.2s-1.4-.5-1.5-1.2c0-.7.6-1.2,1.5-1.2,0,0,0,0,0,0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M26.5,37.2c.9,0,1.5.7,1.5,1.4,0,.8-.7,1.4-1.5,1.4s-1.5-.6-1.5-1.4c0-.8.7-1.4,1.5-1.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M32,47.8c.8,0,1.3.4,1.2.9,0,.5-.7,1-1.4,1s-1.3-.3-1.2-.8c0-.5.7-1,1.4-1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M32.3,42.5c.8,0,1.4.5,1.3,1.2,0,.7-.7,1.2-1.5,1.3s-1.4-.5-1.4-1.1.7-1.3,1.5-1.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M32.5,37.1c.8,0,1.5.6,1.4,1.4,0,.8-.7,1.4-1.5,1.4s-1.5-.6-1.4-1.3.7-1.4,1.5-1.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M21.4,51.2c.7,0,1.3.4,1.4.7,0,.3-.5.5-1.1.5s-1.3-.3-1.4-.6.4-.6,1.1-.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M26.5,51.7c.7,0,1.3.3,1.2.6,0,.3-.6.6-1.2.6s-1.2-.2-1.2-.6.5-.6,1.2-.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M31.5,51.2c.7,0,1.2.2,1.1.6,0,.3-.7.6-1.4.6s-1.1-.2-1.1-.5c0-.3.7-.7,1.4-.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M32,5.1c-.8,0-1.4-.5-1.4-1s.5-.9,1.2-.8c.7,0,1.4.5,1.4,1,0,.5-.5.9-1.2.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M26.5,4.4c-.8,0-1.4-.5-1.4-1,0-.5.6-.9,1.4-.9s1.4.4,1.4.9c0,.5-.6,1-1.4,1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M26.5,9.6c-.8,0-1.5-.6-1.5-1.2,0-.7.7-1.2,1.5-1.2s1.4.5,1.5,1.2c0,.7-.6,1.2-1.5,1.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M20.9,5.1c-.8,0-1.3-.4-1.2-.9,0-.5.7-1,1.4-1,.7,0,1.3.3,1.2.9,0,.5-.7,1-1.4,1.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M20.6,10.4c-.8,0-1.4-.5-1.3-1.2,0-.7.7-1.2,1.5-1.3s1.4.5,1.4,1.1c0,.7-.7,1.3-1.5,1.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M20.4,15.8c-.8,0-1.5-.6-1.4-1.4s.7-1.4,1.5-1.4c.8,0,1.5.6,1.4,1.3s-.7,1.4-1.5,1.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M31.5,1.7c-.7,0-1.3-.4-1.4-.7s.5-.5,1.1-.5c.7,0,1.3.3,1.3.6,0,.3-.4.6-1.1.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M26.5,1.2c-.7,0-1.3-.3-1.2-.6S25.8,0,26.5,0s1.2.2,1.2.6c0,.3-.5.6-1.2.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M21.4,1.7c-.7,0-1.2-.2-1.1-.6s.7-.6,1.4-.6,1.2.2,1.1.5c0,.3-.7.7-1.4.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M3.2,36.5c0,.7-.2,1.1-.5.9-.4-.2-.7-.8-.7-1.4,0-.6.1-1,.5-.9s.7.8.8,1.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M49.9,16.5c0,.7.5,1.3.8,1.4.3.1.5-.3.5-.9,0-.6-.4-1.2-.7-1.4s-.6.3-.5.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M51.6,21.3c0,1,.3,1.9.6,1.9.2,0,.4-.6.3-1.5,0-.9-.2-1.8-.5-1.9-.3-.1-.5.5-.5,1.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M52.1,26.5c0,.7.2,1.3.4,1.2.2,0,.4-.6.4-1.2s-.2-1.2-.4-1.2c-.2,0-.4.5-.4,1.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M51.3,31.5c0,.7.2,1.2.6,1.1.3,0,.6-.7.7-1.4,0-.7-.2-1.1-.5-1.1s-.7.7-.7,1.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M49.9,36.5c0,.7.2,1.1.5.9.3-.2.7-.8.7-1.4s-.1-1-.5-.9c-.3.1-.7.8-.8,1.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M12.2,47.2c.1.5-.3.8-.9.7-.6-.1-1.2-.6-1.4-1.1s.2-.9.9-.8c.6.1,1.3.7,1.4,1.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M17.1,47.8c0,.5-.4.9-1.1.8s-1.3-.5-1.4-1.1c-.1-.5.4-.9,1.1-.8.7,0,1.4.6,1.5,1.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M38.3,47.5c-.1.5-.8,1-1.4,1.1-.7,0-1.2-.2-1.1-.8,0-.5.8-1,1.5-1.1.7,0,1.2.3,1.1.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M43,46.8c-.2.5-.8,1-1.4,1.1-.6.1-1-.2-.9-.7.1-.5.8-1.1,1.4-1.2s1,.2.9.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M17.9,50.5c.1.3-.3.5-.9.5-.6,0-1.3-.4-1.4-.7-.1-.3.3-.6.9-.5s1.3.5,1.4.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M37.4,50.2c-.2.3-.8.7-1.4.7s-1-.1-.9-.5c.1-.3.8-.7,1.4-.8s1.1.2.9.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M16.4,3.2c.7,0,1.3-.5,1.4-.8.1-.3-.3-.5-.9-.5-.6,0-1.3.4-1.4.7-.1.3.3.6.9.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-88060b5b-23e3-4fae-a5d6-0c15540bc744\" d=\"M36.5,3.2c.7,0,1.1-.2.9-.5s-.8-.7-1.4-.7c-.6,0-1,.1-.9.5s.8.7,1.4.8h0Z\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dd4077b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dd4077b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdbaa14 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"bdbaa14\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/sankcje\/\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"uuid-dd91a647-0e95-46aa-bffc-ab676604df1a\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 600\"><defs><style>.uuid-3813a7ec-838e-4bd0-a805-b079bd190e0e{fill:#fff;}.uuid-e7b32320-e59c-4e3c-b1c8-2780df5524dc{fill:#dc143c;}<\/style><\/defs><rect class=\"uuid-e7b32320-e59c-4e3c-b1c8-2780df5524dc\" width=\"1200\" height=\"600\"><\/rect><rect class=\"uuid-3813a7ec-838e-4bd0-a805-b079bd190e0e\" width=\"1200\" height=\"300\"><\/rect><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f0509d elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"8f0509d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/sanctions\/\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" id=\"uuid-146fcdcf-cff3-4798-abfd-695a839cd24f\" viewBox=\"0 0 1200 600\"><defs><style>.uuid-01e3a9b1-dd3a-4884-b8e3-1ba3f6f70bef{fill:none;}.uuid-80f29aec-15c2-47b7-bb8a-e8ee83584f38,.uuid-a1a0c1ae-2096-4530-a783-91f1a6d54c79{stroke:#c8102e;}.uuid-80f29aec-15c2-47b7-bb8a-e8ee83584f38,.uuid-a1a0c1ae-2096-4530-a783-91f1a6d54c79,.uuid-9595ee0f-e080-433d-b980-dee8ceaeacc1,.uuid-b6dae63c-ec88-49ea-95e2-78c160dc4f5d{stroke-miterlimit:80;}.uuid-80f29aec-15c2-47b7-bb8a-e8ee83584f38,.uuid-b6dae63c-ec88-49ea-95e2-78c160dc4f5d{stroke-width:120px;}.uuid-a1a0c1ae-2096-4530-a783-91f1a6d54c79{stroke-width:80px;}.uuid-a0c9dabf-7ae7-4ab2-92a7-f27f09004a93{clip-path:url(#uuid-b2200e27-bdd4-4753-b3e1-7dd652a950d0);}.uuid-9595ee0f-e080-433d-b980-dee8ceaeacc1{stroke-width:200px;}.uuid-9595ee0f-e080-433d-b980-dee8ceaeacc1,.uuid-b6dae63c-ec88-49ea-95e2-78c160dc4f5d{stroke:#fff;}.uuid-b61dad3e-311f-4f56-9b5e-405f1ddf4b88{clip-path:url(#uuid-1aa0ac8c-cc5e-4b57-b59e-d278fb0cd800);}.uuid-d9a1299d-6dfe-4ef5-b5f9-f9fc40167e53{fill:#012169;}<\/style><clipPath id=\"uuid-b2200e27-bdd4-4753-b3e1-7dd652a950d0\"><rect class=\"uuid-01e3a9b1-dd3a-4884-b8e3-1ba3f6f70bef\" width=\"1200\" height=\"600\"><\/rect><\/clipPath><clipPath id=\"uuid-1aa0ac8c-cc5e-4b57-b59e-d278fb0cd800\"><polygon class=\"uuid-01e3a9b1-dd3a-4884-b8e3-1ba3f6f70bef\" points=\"600 300 1200 300 1200 600 600 600 0 600 0 300 0 0 600 0 1200 0 600 300\"><\/polygon><\/clipPath><\/defs><g class=\"uuid-a0c9dabf-7ae7-4ab2-92a7-f27f09004a93\"><path class=\"uuid-d9a1299d-6dfe-4ef5-b5f9-f9fc40167e53\" d=\"M0,0v600h1200V0H0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-b6dae63c-ec88-49ea-95e2-78c160dc4f5d\" d=\"M0,0l1200,600M1200,0L0,600\"><\/path><g class=\"uuid-b61dad3e-311f-4f56-9b5e-405f1ddf4b88\"><path class=\"uuid-a1a0c1ae-2096-4530-a783-91f1a6d54c79\" d=\"M0,0l1200,600M1200,0L0,600\"><\/path><\/g><path class=\"uuid-9595ee0f-e080-433d-b980-dee8ceaeacc1\" d=\"M600,0v600M0,300h1200\"><\/path><path class=\"uuid-80f29aec-15c2-47b7-bb8a-e8ee83584f38\" d=\"M600,0v600M0,300h1200\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcfdf94 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fcfdf94\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ad976b5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"ad976b5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21cb299 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"21cb299\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Warstwa_1\" viewBox=\"0 0 507.4 215.6\"><defs><style>      .st0 {        fill-rule: evenodd;      }      .st0, .st1 {        fill: #333;      }    <\/style><\/defs><g id=\"Layer_1\"><g><g><path class=\"st1\" d=\"M306.3,124.1c-1,7.8-3,15.4-7.4,21.7-9.8,13.9-25.2,14.2-32.2,14.2s-18.8-.3-28.2-9.9c-6.4-6.7-10.8-17.3-10.8-39.9s.4-13.5,1.6-20.1c1.3-8.2,4-23.4,21.3-30.5,4.8-2.1,10.6-3.1,18-3.1s20.5,0,30.3,12.9c6.5,8.8,8.2,22.2,8.4,36.8,0,5.9-.3,12-1,18ZM295.4,84.7c-1.3-5.4-5.1-21.4-26.8-21.4s-28.3,15.3-30.2,31.3c-.3,2-.9,7.2-.9,15s.7,22,5.5,30.5c6.7,11.6,16.6,12.9,23.9,12.9,22.9,0,26.8-16.9,28.2-23,2.3-9.6,2.4-20.3,2.4-25.1s-.6-13.6-2.3-20.3Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st1\" d=\"M345.4,108.6c-13-5.8-23.4-10.5-23.4-26.4s5.4-25.6,31-25.6,14.2.1,21.1,6.2c7.1,6.4,7.4,15.9,7.5,21.2h-9.6c0-2.7,0-5.9-1.3-9.3-2.7-7.9-9.8-11.2-18-11.2-12,0-21.1,6.5-21.1,17.6s8.4,14.9,20,19.7l6.5,2.8c12,5.1,25.4,10.9,25.4,28.3s-1,9.4-3.3,13.3c-5.8,10.8-17.7,14.4-30,14.4s-18.7-1.8-25.1-8.5c-5.7-5.9-7.2-14-7.2-22.2h10.3c0,4.3.1,11.9,5.2,17.4,2.4,2.6,7.6,6.4,17.7,6.4,16,0,22.1-9.8,22.1-20s-8.9-16.3-20.1-21l-7.8-3.3Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st1\" d=\"M482.1,158.2h-14.7l-14.4-62.2c-2.3-10.6-3.1-14.3-4.7-23.1-2.7,11.6-3.7,16-6.2,26.1l-16.3,59.2h-15l-20.7-100h9.5l16,78.3c1.7,7.6,2,8.9,3.5,15.4,1.7-6,2.3-7.7,4.1-14.3l21.2-79.5h8.9l20.3,87.7c.7,3,.9,3.1,1.6,5.8.4-1.8,1-3.5,2-7.1l21.7-86.4h8.6l-25.4,100Z\"><\/path><\/g><g><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M45.5,30.5c-.5,2-2.8,4-5.2,4.4-2.3.4-3.7-.9-3.2-2.8.6-1.9,2.8-3.8,5.1-4.2,2.3-.4,3.8.7,3.3,2.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M63.8,28.1c-.3,2-2.8,3.9-5.4,4.2-2.6.3-4.4-1.2-4-3.1.5-2,2.8-3.7,5.4-4,2.5-.3,4.4.9,4,2.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M144.6,27c.7,2.7-1.8,4.7-5.6,4.3-3.8-.4-7.3-3.1-7.8-5.8s2.1-4.2,5.7-3.8c3.6.4,7,2.7,7.7,5.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M160.5,32.1c.5,1.9-.8,3.2-3.2,2.8-2.4-.4-4.7-2.4-5.2-4.4-.5-2,1-3.1,3.3-2.6,2.3.5,4.5,2.3,5.1,4.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M25.6,49.5c-.4,2.3-2.5,4.7-4.4,5.2-2,.5-3.1-1-2.7-3.3.5-2.3,2.3-4.5,4.2-5.1,1.9-.5,3.3.8,2.8,3.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M42.3,46.4c-.4,2.4-2.7,4.8-5.1,5.1-2.4.4-4-1.3-3.6-3.7.4-2.4,2.6-4.6,5-5,2.4-.4,4.1,1.2,3.7,3.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M61.6,44.3c-.3,2.5-2.7,4.8-5.5,5-2.8.2-4.7-1.6-4.4-4.1.3-2.5,2.8-4.6,5.4-4.9,2.7-.3,4.7,1.4,4.5,3.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M127.9,43.7c.3,3.6-2.9,6.5-7.2,6.3-4.3-.2-8-3.4-8.1-7-.1-3.6,3.1-6.2,7.3-6,4.1.2,7.7,3.1,8,6.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M148.6,40.6c.7,4-2.5,7.1-7.3,6.7-4.8-.4-9.1-4.3-9.5-8.4-.4-4.1,3-6.7,7.5-6.2,4.5.5,8.7,3.9,9.3,7.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M165.8,48.2c.6,3.4-1.6,5.9-5.1,5.4-3.5-.5-6.9-3.9-7.4-7.4-.5-3.5,2-5.7,5.4-5.1,3.4.6,6.6,3.7,7.2,7.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M179,51.4c.5,2.3-.7,3.8-2.6,3.3-1.9-.5-4-2.8-4.4-5.2-.4-2.3.9-3.7,2.8-3.2,1.9.6,3.8,2.8,4.2,5.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M23,67.5c-.3,2.6-2.2,5.1-4.2,5.4-2,.3-3.2-1.5-2.9-4,.3-2.5,2-4.9,4-5.4s3.4,1.3,3.1,4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M40.1,65.3c-.3,2.8-2.5,5.3-5,5.5-2.5.3-4.2-1.8-3.9-4.4s2.4-5.1,4.9-5.4c2.4-.3,4.3,1.6,4.1,4.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M60,63.7c-.2,2.9-2.7,5.3-5.5,5.5-2.9.2-5-2-4.7-4.8.2-2.8,2.6-5.2,5.4-5.4,2.8-.2,5,1.9,4.8,4.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M81.8,62.8c0,2.9-2.7,5.4-5.8,5.5-3.1,0-5.5-2.2-5.3-5.1.1-2.9,2.7-5.3,5.7-5.4,3-.1,5.4,2.1,5.4,5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M106.9,62.6c0,4.2-3.6,7.7-8.2,7.7s-8.2-3.5-8.2-7.7c0-4.2,3.7-7.5,8.2-7.5s8.1,3.3,8.2,7.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M130.8,63.3c.3,5-3.8,9-9.2,8.9-5.4-.1-9.9-4.5-9.9-9.5,0-5,4.1-8.8,9.3-8.6,5.2.2,9.5,4.2,9.8,9.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M152.6,59.3c.6,5.6-3.6,10-9.5,9.7-5.9-.3-11.2-5.5-11.6-11.3-.3-5.8,4.2-9.8,9.9-9.3,5.7.5,10.6,5.3,11.2,10.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M169.5,66.7c.5,4.6-2.4,8.1-6.7,7.7-4.3-.4-8.4-4.7-8.8-9.6-.4-4.8,2.9-8.1,7.1-7.5,4.2.6,7.9,4.7,8.3,9.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M183.1,69.3c.4,3.6-1.3,6.2-4.1,5.8-2.8-.5-5.7-4-6.1-7.8-.4-3.8,1.7-6.3,4.5-5.7,2.8.6,5.3,4.1,5.7,7.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M19.1,87.3c-.1,2.8-2,5.2-3.9,5.4-2,.1-3.3-1.9-3.2-4.6.1-2.7,1.8-5.1,3.7-5.4,2-.3,3.5,1.8,3.4,4.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M38.7,86.1c-.1,3-2.3,5.5-4.9,5.6-2.5.1-4.4-2.2-4.2-5,.1-2.9,2.2-5.4,4.7-5.6,2.5-.2,4.5,2,4.4,5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M59.1,85.2c0,3.1-2.6,5.7-5.5,5.7-2.9,0-5.1-2.3-5-5.4.1-3,2.5-5.6,5.4-5.7,2.9-.1,5.2,2.2,5.1,5.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M79.9,84.8c0,4.5-3.8,8.3-8.3,8.3-4.5,0-8-3.6-7.9-8,.1-4.4,3.7-8.1,8.2-8.2,4.4-.1,8,3.4,8,7.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M102,84.7c0,5.4-4.5,9.9-10.1,10-5.6,0-10-4.4-10-9.9,0-5.4,4.6-9.8,10-9.8,5.5,0,10,4.3,10,9.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M127.3,84.9c.1,6.5-5,11.8-11.7,11.7-6.6,0-12.1-5.5-12.1-12,0-6.5,5.3-11.6,11.8-11.5,6.5.1,11.8,5.3,11.9,11.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M160.2,86.1c.4,8.8-5.9,16.1-14.6,16.1-8.7,0-16.4-7.9-16.6-17.2-.2-9.3,7-16.2,15.5-15.7,8.5.5,15.3,8,15.7,16.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M179.2,87.3c.3,5.8-3.1,10.4-8,10.3-5-.1-9.5-5.3-9.8-11.5-.3-6.2,3.8-10.7,8.7-10.1,4.9.5,8.7,5.6,9,11.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M191.3,88.8c.3,4.5-1.7,8-4.7,7.8-3.1-.2-6.1-4.3-6.4-9.1-.3-4.8,2.4-8.3,5.4-7.7,3.1.6,5.4,4.6,5.7,9.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M16.2,107.9c0,2.9-1.7,5.1-3.7,5.1-2,0-3.5-2.3-3.5-5.1s1.5-5,3.5-5.1c2,0,3.7,2.2,3.7,5.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M35.9,107.9c0,3-2.1,5.5-4.6,5.4-2.5,0-4.5-2.5-4.5-5.4s2-5.4,4.5-5.4c2.5,0,4.6,2.4,4.6,5.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M58.8,107.9c0,3.2-2.4,5.7-5.3,5.6-2.9,0-5.2-2.6-5.2-5.6s2.3-5.6,5.2-5.7c2.9,0,5.3,2.5,5.3,5.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M81.3,107.9c0,3.2-2.6,5.8-5.7,5.8-3.2,0-5.7-2.6-5.7-5.8s2.5-5.8,5.7-5.8c3.1,0,5.7,2.6,5.7,5.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M107.2,107.9c0,4.6-3.8,8.4-8.4,8.4s-8.4-3.8-8.4-8.4,3.8-8.4,8.4-8.4,8.4,3.8,8.4,8.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M131.8,107.9c0,5.5-4.3,10-9.8,10-5.4,0-9.9-4.4-9.9-10s4.5-10.1,9.9-10c5.4,0,9.8,4.5,9.8,10h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M156.2,114c0,6.3-4.8,11.6-10.8,11.8-6,.2-11.1-5-11-11.6,0-6.6,5.2-11.9,11.3-11.8,6.1,0,10.7,5.3,10.6,11.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M173.9,107.9c0,5-3.3,9.2-7.7,9.4-4.4.1-8.1-4-8.1-9.4s3.8-9.5,8.1-9.4c4.4.1,7.6,4.3,7.7,9.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M192.3,107.9c0,3.9-2.1,7.2-4.9,7.3-2.8.1-5.4-3.1-5.4-7.3s2.5-7.5,5.4-7.3c2.8.1,4.9,3.4,4.9,7.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M19.1,128.4c.1,2.8-1.4,4.9-3.4,4.6-2-.3-3.6-2.7-3.7-5.3-.1-2.7,1.2-4.8,3.2-4.6,2,.2,3.8,2.6,3.9,5.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M38.7,129.7c.1,3-1.9,5.2-4.4,5-2.5-.2-4.6-2.7-4.7-5.6-.1-2.9,1.7-5.1,4.2-5,2.5.1,4.7,2.6,4.9,5.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M59.1,130.5c0,3.1-2.2,5.5-5.1,5.3-2.9-.1-5.3-2.7-5.4-5.7-.1-3,2.1-5.4,5-5.4,2.9,0,5.4,2.7,5.5,5.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M81.4,131c0,3.1-2.5,5.6-5.6,5.5-3.1,0-5.7-2.6-5.7-5.7,0-3.1,2.4-5.6,5.5-5.6,3.1,0,5.8,2.6,5.8,5.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M104.6,131.1c0,3.1-2.6,5.7-5.8,5.7s-5.8-2.5-5.8-5.7c0-3.2,2.6-5.7,5.8-5.7,3.2,0,5.8,2.6,5.8,5.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M129.9,130.7c0,4.5-3.8,8.1-8.2,8.2-4.5,0-8.1-3.4-8.1-8,0-4.5,3.8-8.3,8.3-8.3,4.5,0,8.1,3.6,8,8.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M152.4,136.3c-.3,5.1-4.3,9.4-9.3,9.7-4.9.3-8.9-3.6-8.8-8.9.2-5.3,4.5-9.7,9.6-9.9,5-.1,8.7,4,8.5,9.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M172.2,129c-.2,4.1-3.1,7.7-6.7,8-3.6.3-6.5-2.9-6.4-7.2.2-4.3,3.4-7.9,7-8.1,3.6-.1,6.2,3.1,6.1,7.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M188,127.7c-.1,2.7-1.7,5.1-3.7,5.3-2,.3-3.6-1.8-3.4-4.6.1-2.8,2-5.2,3.9-5.4,2-.2,3.3,1.9,3.2,4.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M23,148.2c.3,2.7-1.2,4.4-3.1,4-2-.4-3.7-2.8-4-5.4-.3-2.5.9-4.4,2.9-4,2,.4,3.9,2.8,4.2,5.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M40.1,150.5c.2,2.8-1.6,4.7-4.1,4.4-2.5-.3-4.6-2.7-4.9-5.4-.3-2.7,1.4-4.7,3.9-4.5,2.5.2,4.8,2.7,5,5.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M60,152.1c.2,2.9-2,4.9-4.8,4.7-2.8-.2-5.2-2.6-5.4-5.4-.2-2.8,1.9-5,4.7-4.8,2.9.2,5.4,2.7,5.5,5.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M149.7,154.7c-.4,4-3.8,7.3-7.8,7.7s-7.1-2.5-6.9-6.6c.2-4,3.9-7.6,8-7.9,4.1-.3,7.1,2.8,6.7,6.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M166.5,149.4c-.3,2.7-2.4,5.1-4.9,5.4-2.5.3-4.3-1.6-4.1-4.4.2-2.8,2.5-5.3,5-5.5,2.5-.3,4.2,1.8,3.9,4.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M181.6,146.8c-.3,2.6-2,4.9-4,5.4-2,.4-3.4-1.3-3.1-4,.3-2.6,2.2-5.1,4.2-5.4,1.9-.3,3.2,1.5,2.9,4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M25.6,166.3c.4,2.4-.9,3.7-2.8,3.2-1.9-.5-3.8-2.8-4.2-5.1-.4-2.3.7-3.8,2.6-3.3,1.9.5,4,2.8,4.4,5.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M42.3,169.3c.4,2.4-1.3,4-3.7,3.6-2.4-.4-4.6-2.6-5-5-.4-2.4,1.2-4.1,3.6-3.7,2.4.4,4.8,2.7,5.1,5.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M61.6,171.5c.3,2.5-1.8,4.2-4.5,3.9-2.7-.3-5.1-2.4-5.4-4.9-.3-2.5,1.6-4.3,4.4-4.1,2.8.2,5.3,2.5,5.5,5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M145.9,170.5c-.3,2.4-2.7,4.6-5.4,4.9-2.7.3-4.7-1.4-4.5-3.9.3-2.5,2.7-4.8,5.5-5,2.8-.2,4.7,1.6,4.4,4.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M164,167.9c-.4,2.4-2.6,4.6-5,5-2.4.4-4.1-1.2-3.7-3.6.4-2.4,2.7-4.7,5.1-5.1,2.4-.4,4,1.3,3.6,3.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M179,164.4c-.4,2.3-2.3,4.5-4.2,5.1-2,.5-3.3-.8-2.8-3.2.4-2.3,2.5-4.7,4.4-5.2,2-.5,3.1,1,2.6,3.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M11.9,70.5c-.3,2.5-1.7,4.8-3,5.3-1.3.4-2-1.1-1.7-3.5.3-2.3,1.4-4.7,2.7-5.2,1.3-.5,2.3,1,2,3.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M6.5,88.9c-.1,2.6-1.4,4.9-2.7,5.1-1.3.2-2-1.7-1.9-4.1.1-2.5,1.1-4.7,2.4-5,1.3-.3,2.3,1.5,2.2,4.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M4.5,107.9c0,2.6-1.2,4.7-2.4,4.6-1.3,0-2.1-2.2-2.1-4.6s.9-4.6,2.1-4.7c1.3,0,2.4,2,2.4,4.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M6.4,126.9c.1,2.6-.9,4.4-2.2,4.1-1.3-.3-2.3-2.6-2.4-5-.1-2.4.6-4.3,1.9-4.1s2.6,2.5,2.7,5.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M78.2,187.4c2.8.1,5.2,2,5.4,3.9.1,2-1.9,3.3-4.6,3.2-2.7-.1-5.1-1.7-5.4-3.7-.3-2,1.8-3.5,4.6-3.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M76.9,167.8c3,.1,5.5,2.3,5.6,4.8.1,2.5-2.2,4.4-5,4.2-2.9-.1-5.4-2.2-5.6-4.7-.2-2.5,2-4.5,5-4.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M76.1,147.5c3.1,0,5.7,2.6,5.7,5.5,0,2.9-2.3,5.1-5.4,5-3-.1-5.6-2.5-5.7-5.4-.1-2.9,2.2-5.2,5.3-5.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M98.8,190.3c2.9,0,5.2,1.7,5.1,3.7,0,2-2.3,3.5-5.1,3.5s-5-1.5-5.1-3.5c0-2,2.2-3.7,5.1-3.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M98.8,170.6c3,0,5.5,2.1,5.4,4.6,0,2.5-2.5,4.5-5.4,4.5s-5.4-2-5.4-4.5c0-2.5,2.4-4.6,5.4-4.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M98.8,147.8c3.2,0,5.7,2.4,5.7,5.3,0,2.9-2.6,5.2-5.7,5.2s-5.6-2.3-5.7-5.2c0-2.9,2.5-5.3,5.7-5.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M119.4,187.4c2.8-.1,4.9,1.4,4.6,3.4-.3,2-2.7,3.6-5.3,3.7-2.7.1-4.8-1.2-4.6-3.2.2-2,2.6-3.8,5.4-3.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M120.6,167.8c3-.1,5.2,1.9,5,4.4-.2,2.5-2.7,4.6-5.6,4.7-2.9.1-5.2-1.7-5-4.2.1-2.5,2.6-4.7,5.6-4.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M121.5,147.5c3.1,0,5.5,2.2,5.3,5.1-.1,2.9-2.7,5.3-5.7,5.4-3,.1-5.4-2.1-5.4-5,0-2.9,2.7-5.4,5.7-5.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M79.7,200.3c2.6.1,4.9,1.4,5.1,2.7.2,1.3-1.7,2-4.1,1.9-2.5-.1-4.7-1.1-5-2.4-.3-1.3,1.5-2.3,4.1-2.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M98.8,202.1c2.7,0,4.7,1.2,4.7,2.4,0,1.3-2.2,2.1-4.7,2.1-2.5,0-4.6-.9-4.7-2.1,0-1.3,2-2.4,4.7-2.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M117.8,200.3c2.6-.1,4.4.9,4.1,2.2-.3,1.3-2.6,2.3-5,2.4-2.5.1-4.3-.6-4.1-1.9.2-1.3,2.5-2.6,5.1-2.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M119.4,28.2c-2.8-.1-5.2-2-5.4-3.9-.1-2,1.9-3.3,4.6-3.2,2.7.1,5.1,1.8,5.3,3.7.3,2-1.8,3.5-4.6,3.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M98.8,25.3c-2.9,0-5.2-1.7-5.1-3.7,0-2,2.3-3.5,5.1-3.5,2.8,0,5,1.5,5.1,3.5,0,2-2.2,3.7-5.1,3.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M98.8,45c-3,0-5.5-2.1-5.4-4.6,0-2.5,2.5-4.5,5.4-4.5s5.4,2,5.4,4.5c0,2.5-2.4,4.6-5.4,4.6h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M78.2,28.2c-2.8.1-4.9-1.4-4.6-3.4.3-2,2.7-3.6,5.4-3.7,2.7-.1,4.8,1.2,4.6,3.2-.1,2-2.6,3.8-5.4,3.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M76.9,47.8c-3,.1-5.2-1.9-5-4.4.2-2.5,2.7-4.6,5.6-4.7,2.9-.1,5.2,1.7,5.1,4.2-.1,2.5-2.6,4.7-5.6,4.9h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M76.1,68.1c-3.1,0-5.5-2.2-5.3-5.1.1-2.9,2.7-5.3,5.7-5.4,3-.1,5.5,2.1,5.4,5,0,2.9-2.7,5.4-5.7,5.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M117.8,15.5c-2.6-.1-4.9-1.4-5.1-2.7-.2-1.3,1.7-2,4.1-1.9,2.5.1,4.7,1.1,5.1,2.4.3,1.3-1.5,2.3-4.1,2.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M98.8,13.6c-2.6,0-4.7-1.2-4.7-2.4,0-1.3,2.2-2.1,4.7-2.1s4.6.9,4.7,2.1c0,1.3-2,2.4-4.7,2.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M79.8,15.5c-2.6.1-4.4-.9-4.1-2.2.3-1.3,2.6-2.3,5-2.4,2.5-.1,4.3.6,4.1,1.9-.2,1.3-2.5,2.5-5.1,2.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M11.9,145.2c.3,2.5-.7,4-2,3.5-1.3-.6-2.5-2.9-2.7-5.2-.2-2.3.4-3.9,1.7-3.5,1.3.4,2.7,2.8,3,5.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M186.2,70.5c.3,2.5,1.7,4.8,3,5.3,1.3.4,2-1.2,1.7-3.5-.3-2.3-1.4-4.7-2.7-5.2-1.3-.5-2.3,1-2,3.5h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M192.5,88.7c.1,3.7,1.1,7,2.1,7.2.9.2,1.4-2.4,1.3-5.8,0-3.4-.8-6.6-1.7-7.2-1-.5-1.8,2-1.7,5.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M194.7,107.9c0,2.6.7,4.7,1.5,4.7.8,0,1.4-2.2,1.4-4.7s-.5-4.6-1.4-4.7c-.8,0-1.6,2-1.5,4.7h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M191.6,126.9c-.1,2.6.9,4.4,2.2,4.1,1.3-.3,2.3-2.6,2.4-5,.1-2.4-.6-4.3-1.9-4.1-1.3.2-2.6,2.5-2.7,5.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M186.2,145.2c-.3,2.5.7,4,2,3.5,1.3-.6,2.5-2.9,2.7-5.2.3-2.3-.4-3.9-1.7-3.5-1.3.4-2.7,2.8-3,5.3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M45.5,185.3c.5,1.9-1,3.1-3.3,2.6-2.3-.4-4.6-2.3-5.1-4.2-.5-1.9.9-3.2,3.2-2.8,2.3.4,4.7,2.4,5.2,4.4h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M63.8,187.7c.3,2-1.5,3.2-4,2.9-2.5-.3-4.9-2-5.4-4-.4-2,1.3-3.4,4-3.1,2.6.3,5.1,2.2,5.4,4.2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M143.2,186.6c-.4,2-2.8,3.7-5.4,4-2.5.3-4.4-.9-4-2.9.3-2,2.8-3.9,5.4-4.2,2.6-.3,4.4,1.2,4,3.1h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M160.5,183.7c-.6,1.9-2.8,3.8-5.1,4.2-2.3.4-3.8-.7-3.3-2.6.5-1.9,2.8-4,5.2-4.4,2.4-.4,3.8.9,3.2,2.8h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M66.6,197.7c.4,1.3-1.1,2-3.5,1.7-2.4-.3-4.7-1.4-5.2-2.7-.5-1.3,1-2.3,3.5-2,2.5.3,4.8,1.7,5.3,3h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M139.7,196.7c-.5,1.3-2.9,2.5-5.2,2.7-2.3.3-3.9-.4-3.5-1.7.4-1.3,2.8-2.7,5.3-3,2.5-.3,4,.7,3.5,2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M61.4,20.9c2.5-.3,4.8-1.7,5.3-3,.4-1.3-1.1-2-3.5-1.7-2.3.3-4.7,1.4-5.2,2.7-.5,1.3,1,2.3,3.5,2h0Z\"><\/path><path class=\"st0\" d=\"M136.2,20.9c2.5.3,4-.7,3.5-2-.5-1.3-2.9-2.5-5.2-2.7-2.4-.3-3.9.4-3.5,1.7.4,1.3,2.8,2.7,5.3,3h0Z\"><\/path><\/g><\/g><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff6b0ee elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff6b0ee\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Data under the lens | 2025-04-14<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cede52 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3cede52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Finding our bearings:<\/br>tracking circumvention of EU dual-use sanctions on\u00a0Russia<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38591df elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"38591df\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><em>Bart\u0142omiej Pierzcha\u0142a<\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa40283 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"fa40283\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3120b15 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3120b15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p2\">Sanctions under the lens offers a high-level analysis of the European Union\u2019s response to the embargo on dual-use item exports to Russia. Using tapered roller bearings\u2014a critical dual-use component\u2014as a case study, it demonstrates that indicators of potential sanctions circumvention can be detected through publicly available data.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-95de8b9 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"95de8b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p2\">Key insights:<\/p><ul><li class=\"p3\">The EU has successfully stopped exporting dual-use items to Russia following the introduction of the embargo.<\/li><li class=\"p3\">The general value of EUs dual-use export has grown by 23% since 2021, whilst its volume decreased by 7%.<\/li><li class=\"p3\">The case of tapered roller bearings shows that EU dual-use sanctions on Russia caused rapid changes in trade patterns, opening numerous sanction circumvention channels.<\/li><li class=\"p2\">It is possible to find and track suspicious export phenomena using publicly available data, and inexpensive methods.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48e76dc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"48e76dc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c8a86af e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c8a86af\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-757028f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"757028f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d4c4e4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1d4c4e4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How and why do we track sanctions circumvention?<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dcb441a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"dcb441a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\">This analysis focuses on a critical subset of sanctions\u2014export embargoes on dual-use items imposed by the Global Export Control Coalition (<span class=\"s1\">GECC<\/span>), analysed from the European Union\u2019s perspective. These items &#8211; categorized under the Common High- Priority Items (<span class=\"s1\">CHPI<\/span>) list*, ** &#8211; target sensitive sectors of Russia\u2019s military industry and aim to weaken its warfighting capabilities.<\/p><p class=\"p1\">In 2024, EU exports of CHPI were valued at <span class=\"s2\"><b>\u20ac132 billion<\/b><\/span>, accounting for approximately 4% of the total EU export value. The scale of these trade flows creates opportunities for sanctions circumvention, often through complex networks of shell companies operating across multiple borders. To refine our analysis, we categorized the EU\u2019s global trade partners into distinct groups, applying specific analytical assumptions.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-07f9c39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"07f9c39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d34b890 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d34b890\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e3d005e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e3d005e\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-eba59c5 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"eba59c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Warstwa_1\" data-name=\"Warstwa 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 200 200\"><defs><style>      .cls-1 {        fill: #333;      }    <\/style><\/defs><path class=\"cls-1\" d=\"M30.97,38.44v62.04c0,41.1,27.86,76.73,67.75,86.64l1.47.36,1.21-.3c39.82-9.95,67.63-45.57,67.63-86.61v-62.13L100,14.62,30.97,38.44ZM159.03,100.57c0,36.03-24.14,67.35-58.85,76.6-34.91-9.13-59.2-40.52-59.2-76.69v-54.91l59.03-20.37,59.03,20.37v55Z\"><\/path><path class=\"cls-1\" d=\"M98.84,66.5l-.72-.72c-1.54-1.54-3.33-2.73-5.3-3.53-3.95-1.61-8.27-1.61-12.22,0-1.97.8-3.79,1.99-5.4,3.54l-13.8,13.8c-1.41,1.41-2.53,3.02-3.33,4.8-.8,1.78-1.28,3.63-1.41,5.5s.07,3.76.61,5.61c.54,1.84,1.39,3.56,2.53,5.1l.35.47,6.35-6.35-.18-.33c-.36-.66-.61-1.38-.73-2.14-.12-.76-.12-1.51,0-2.24.12-.73.37-1.47.74-2.21.37-.73.83-1.38,1.38-1.93l13.8-13.9c.73-.73,1.56-1.26,2.46-1.6,1.9-.7,3.86-.65,5.57,0,.87.33,1.64.86,2.32,1.6l14.07,14.06c.11.07.19.18.25.35.08.2.12.41.12.61,0,.44-.14.79-.43,1.05-.43.39-1.07.55-1.74.29-.16-.06-.27-.14-.41-.33l-13.17-13.17-23.06,22.96c-.96.96-1.7,2.08-2.21,3.35-.51,1.26-.77,2.59-.77,3.96,0,2.59.83,4.87,2.47,6.79,1.56,1.82,3.58,2.95,6.01,3.35.38,2.09,1.31,3.92,2.76,5.43,1.46,1.52,3.29,2.49,5.46,2.88.38,2.16,1.33,4.01,2.82,5.5,1.49,1.49,3.33,2.44,5.49,2.82.4,2.37,1.54,4.37,3.39,5.96,1.94,1.67,4.21,2.52,6.74,2.52,1.37,0,2.7-.28,3.97-.82,1.26-.54,2.38-1.3,3.33-2.26l32.1-32c1.54-1.54,2.73-3.33,3.53-5.3.8-1.98,1.21-4.03,1.21-6.11s-.41-4.15-1.21-6.16c-.8-2.01-1.99-3.81-3.54-5.35l-16.54-16.54c-1.54-1.54-3.33-2.73-5.3-3.53-3.95-1.61-8.27-1.61-12.22,0-1.97.8-3.79,1.99-5.4,3.54l-.72.72ZM98.27,129.51c.07-.17.19-.33.33-.48l13.66-13.66-6.19-6.19-13.67,13.57c-.15.15-.31.26-.48.33-.5.21-1.11.11-1.55-.33-.3-.3-.44-.63-.44-1.02,0-.2.04-.4.11-.61.06-.16.14-.28.25-.35l13.64-13.73-6.19-6.19-13.67,13.57c-.06.06-.19.17-.46.3-.59.3-1.14.14-1.58-.3-.3-.3-.44-.63-.44-1.02,0-.19.04-.37.11-.54.07-.17.18-.33.33-.48l13.56-13.66-6.19-6.19-13.66,13.66c-.06.06-.2.17-.46.3-.59.29-1.12.14-1.56-.33-.31-.33-.45-.69-.45-1.08,0-.19.04-.37.11-.54.07-.17.18-.33.33-.48l16.78-16.78,6.99,6.89c.96.96,2.09,1.69,3.36,2.17,1.26.48,2.59.72,3.94.72,2.87,0,5.31-.99,7.25-2.94,1.95-1.95,2.94-4.39,2.94-7.25,0-1.36-.24-2.67-.72-3.9-.48-1.24-1.25-2.35-2.26-3.3l-6.89-6.99.73-.73c.73-.73,1.56-1.26,2.46-1.6,1.9-.7,3.86-.65,5.57,0,.87.33,1.64.86,2.32,1.6l16.65,16.65c.72.66,1.25,1.44,1.58,2.3.34.88.51,1.83.51,2.81,0,.92-.17,1.85-.51,2.76-.33.91-.87,1.73-1.6,2.46l-32.1,32.1c-.06.06-.2.17-.46.3-.61.3-1.16.14-1.64-.31-.32-.3-.48-.62-.48-1,0-.19.04-.37.11-.54Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc90dff e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cc90dff\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7335dd3 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7335dd3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\"><b>Safe Partners: <\/b>We consider EU exports to GECC and Ukraine relatively safe, as they are signatories of the CHPI embargo. While some small-scale circumvention may occur, we assume this group to be unlikely to re-export CHPI to Russia<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b9d7d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4b9d7d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d38b47 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9d38b47\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8efc1cb elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"8efc1cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Warstwa_1\" data-name=\"Warstwa 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 200 200\"><defs><style>      .cls-1 {        fill: #333;      }    <\/style><\/defs><path class=\"cls-1\" d=\"M115.15,17.41h-52.74v66.15h-.04v19.8h-24.6v10h24.6v31.88h-24.6v10h24.6v32.73h10v-32.73h43.17v-10h-43.17v-31.88h21.85v-.04h20.93c26.49,0,47.96-21.47,47.96-47.96s-21.47-47.96-47.96-47.96ZM115.15,103.32h-42.74V27.41h42.74c20.93,0,37.96,17.03,37.96,37.96s-17.03,37.96-37.96,37.96Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7b995ed e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"7b995ed\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6511a12 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6511a12\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\"><strong><span class=\"TextRun SCXP105934787 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP105934787 BCX4\">Russia: <\/span><\/span><\/strong><span class=\"TextRun SCXP105934787 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP105934787 BCX4\"> As the sanctioned entity, the Russian Federation remains the key trade <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP105934787 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP105934787 BCX4\">partner to monitor.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXP105934787 BCX4\">\u200b<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c31cdc e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6c31cdc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-672d3bc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"672d3bc\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ab5ae4 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"2ab5ae4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Warstwa_1\" data-name=\"Warstwa 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 200 200\"><defs><style>      .cls-1 {        fill: #333;      }    <\/style><\/defs><polygon class=\"cls-1\" points=\"80.08 58.24 67.88 58.24 64.12 46.64 60.35 58.24 48.15 58.24 58.02 65.4 54.25 77 64.12 69.84 73.98 77 70.21 65.4 80.08 58.24\"><\/polygon><polygon class=\"cls-1\" points=\"81.63 79.6 80.78 77 79.94 79.6 77.21 79.6 79.42 81.2 78.57 83.8 80.78 82.2 82.99 83.8 82.15 81.2 84.36 79.6 81.63 79.6\"><\/polygon><polygon class=\"cls-1\" points=\"80.78 44.54 79.94 47.13 77.21 47.13 79.42 48.74 78.57 51.33 80.78 49.73 82.99 51.33 82.15 48.74 84.36 47.13 81.63 47.13 80.78 44.54\"><\/polygon><polygon class=\"cls-1\" points=\"88.97 68.78 88.13 66.18 87.29 68.78 84.56 68.78 86.76 70.38 85.92 72.98 88.13 71.37 90.34 72.98 89.49 70.38 91.7 68.78 88.97 68.78\"><\/polygon><polygon class=\"cls-1\" points=\"88.13 55.36 87.29 57.95 84.56 57.95 86.76 59.56 85.92 62.15 88.13 60.55 90.34 62.15 89.49 59.56 91.7 57.95 88.97 57.95 88.13 55.36\"><\/polygon><path class=\"cls-1\" d=\"M41.75,28.67V8.95h-10v174.16h10v-69.02h129.73l-24.32-44.05,24.65-41.37H41.75ZM154.54,104.09H41.75V38.67h112.46l-18.58,31.18,18.91,34.24Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-669cf65 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"669cf65\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4903fe0 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4903fe0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\"><strong><span class=\"TextRun SCXP42810708 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP42810708 BCX4\">China:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span class=\"TextRun SCXP42810708 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP42810708 BCX4\"> We treat China as a separate category. While reports indicate its role in <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP42810708 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP42810708 BCX4\">facilitating Russian sanctions circumvention, the sheer scale of EU-China trade <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP42810708 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP42810708 BCX4\">makes tracking specific upticks related to Russia extremely difficult. Given this <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP42810708 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP42810708 BCX4\">challenge, we place less emphasis on China in this analysis.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXP42810708 BCX4\">\u200b<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f325120 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f325120\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85b1a39 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"85b1a39\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-347dc28 elementor-widget__width-inherit elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"347dc28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" id=\"Warstwa_1\" data-name=\"Warstwa 1\" viewBox=\"0 0 200 200\"><defs><style>      .cls-1 {        fill: #333;      }    <\/style><\/defs><path class=\"cls-1\" d=\"M101.66,17.36c-.54-.05-1.09-.09-1.65-.09-.62,0-1.24.03-1.86.1-44.7,1.06-80.75,37.73-80.75,82.68s37.11,82.73,82.73,82.73,82.73-37.11,82.73-82.73S146.58,18.17,101.66,17.36ZM166.52,70.38h-33.66c-2.6-17.08-7.45-31.18-13.8-40.55,21.21,5.72,38.6,20.81,47.46,40.55ZM172.88,100.05c0,6.82-.96,13.41-2.73,19.67h-36.07c.6-6.29.93-12.88.93-19.73s-.32-13.37-.92-19.62h36.06c1.76,6.26,2.73,12.86,2.73,19.67ZM100.02,172.73c-5.63,0-11.81-7.31-16.54-19.57-2.63-6.83-4.69-14.78-6.12-23.44h45.32c-1.43,8.66-3.48,16.61-6.12,23.44-4.73,12.25-10.91,19.57-16.54,19.57ZM76.03,119.73c-.65-6.35-1-12.96-1-19.73s.34-13.31.99-19.62h48c.65,6.31.99,12.89.99,19.62s-.35,13.38-1,19.73h-47.98ZM27.41,100.05c0-6.82.96-13.41,2.73-19.67h35.81c-.6,6.25-.92,12.81-.92,19.62s.33,13.44.93,19.73H30.14c-1.76-6.26-2.73-12.86-2.73-19.67ZM98.99,27.35c.39,0,.77-.03,1.16-.03.26,0,.52.02.79.02,5.38.74,11.16,7.9,15.63,19.49,2.65,6.86,4.71,14.84,6.14,23.55h-45.35c1.43-8.7,3.49-16.69,6.14-23.55,4.44-11.51,10.17-18.66,15.51-19.48ZM80.91,29.92c-6.31,9.37-11.14,23.43-13.74,40.46h-33.41c8.81-19.64,26.08-34.68,47.15-40.46ZM33.76,129.73h33.43c2.61,17.06,7.46,31.13,13.81,40.48-21.11-5.77-38.41-20.82-47.24-40.48ZM118.97,170.3c6.37-9.35,11.25-23.46,13.87-40.57h33.68c-8.87,19.76-26.3,34.87-47.55,40.57Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec10eed e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ec10eed\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c394fca elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c394fca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\"><strong><span class=\"TextRun SCXP172736034 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP172736034 BCX4\">The &#8220;No Embargo&#8221; states \u2013 Our Main Focus:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span class=\"TextRun SCXP172736034 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP172736034 BCX4\"> This diverse set of third countries\u2014<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP172736034 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP172736034 BCX4\">those not listed in the previous categories, including many small, non-trading <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP172736034 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP172736034 BCX4\">nations\u2014is our primary area of scrutiny. Post-2022 trade surges in these countries <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP172736034 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP172736034 BCX4\">are easier to detect but are nonetheless significant in volume.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXP172736034 BCX4\">\u200b<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81e9f08 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"81e9f08\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6e123a elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"a6e123a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e7e2cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7e7e2cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa-1024x737.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-876\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa-1024x737.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa-300x216.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa-768x553.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa.png 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fdd1fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4fdd1fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b85f874 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b85f874\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p1\">*February 2024 version is used in this presentation, which contains 50 items. In 2022 World Customs Organisation introduced changes to the Harmonised Trade system, making it impossible to track 5 of those items over time.<\/p><p class=\"p1\">**The list is periodically adjusted (see regulation 833\/2014).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff94e67 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ff94e67\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3eaa9f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3eaa9f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-369f6ce e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"369f6ce\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a2bfc41 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a2bfc41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How did the EU export of dual-use items change?\u200b<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-173dbe3 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"173dbe3\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8df68d8 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8df68d8\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-da7b92b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"da7b92b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"p2\">The Russian Federation played a minor role in the EU\u2019s CHPI exports, accounting for 3.4% of total export value in 2021\u2014a share nearly identical to Switzerland\u2019s. Following Russia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine, the EU in collaboration with GECC imposed an embargo on certain dual-use goods. However, EU exports of <b>all <\/b>CHPI declined in the first half of 2022.<\/p><p class=\"p2\"><span class=\"TextRun SCXP127272461 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP127272461 BCX4\">A key milestone came in February 2023 with the expansion of the CHPI list by 21 items (from <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP127272461 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP127272461 BCX4\">18), after which total exports plummeted to negligible levels (0.02% of Q4 2021 value in Q4 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP127272461 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP127272461 BCX4\">2024).<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXP127272461 BCX4\">\u200b<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-416605b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"416605b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-00d38cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"00d38cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"286\" height=\"192\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/33-wl.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-750\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bf48771 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"bf48771\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a74828 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"0a74828\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66776b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"66776b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b5b28bd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b5b28bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"384\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-1-2-1024x491.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-857\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-1-2-1024x491.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-1-2-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-1-2-768x368.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-1-2.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c5e25d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"c5e25d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f9bf677 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f9bf677\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-416dbef e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"416dbef\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12539cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"12539cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"286\" height=\"270\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/strzalki-gora-dol.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-792\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ca9daee e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"ca9daee\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3a7c041 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3a7c041\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\">Despite restricted access to the Russian market, the total value <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\">of EU exports increased by 23%, while export volume declined by <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\">7% compared to 2021. Export volume to China declined by 30%, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\">while its value rose by 26%, possibly due to U.S. export controls. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\">The drop in Chinese demand, combined with the closure of the <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\">Russian market, has been the main driver of the EU\u2019s overall <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP29147757 BCX4\">export volume decrease.<\/span><\/span><\/p><p><span class=\"TextRun SCXP249702409 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP249702409 BCX4\">The value of EU exports increased across all possible partner groups, with the steepest rise <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP249702409 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP249702409 BCX4\">seen in No Embargo States. There, most item categories experienced a rise in value <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP249702409 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP249702409 BCX4\">alongside a slight drop in volume. This could indicate either sanctions circumvention\u2014where <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP249702409 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP249702409 BCX4\">higher export prices reflect restricted supply\u2014or a shift in the import profile toward more <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP249702409 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP249702409 BCX4\">advanced, high-value items.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXP249702409 BCX4\">\u200b<\/span><\/p><p><span class=\"EOP SCXP29147757 BCX4\">\u200b<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dfe62b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"4dfe62b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9174be4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"9174be4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"580\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-2-1-1024x742.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-858\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-2-1-1024x742.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-2-1-300x218.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-2-1-768x557.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-2-1.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9bcd799 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"9bcd799\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7161035 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"7161035\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-01e79d1 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"01e79d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Going granular: the curious case of tapered roller bearings\u200b<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5880cf1 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5880cf1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Working at aggregate levels of trade data \u2013 even within the <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">fairly narrowly<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> defined dual-<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">use goods \u2013 can be often misleading. Small scale sanction circumvention transactions <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">can easily hide in large trade flows, often reflecting real and legitimate trade. <\/span>\u200b<\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:6,&quot;335551620&quot;:6,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\">\u200b<span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">We picked one example of a crucial dual-use industrial component \u2013 tapered roller <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">bearings \u2013 to go more granular with trade data analysis. As it turns out, highly suspicious <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">activities are <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">fairly easy<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> to track.<\/span>\u200b<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb41609 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fb41609\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85ef648 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"85ef648\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e8538d9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e8538d9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"400\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/lozysko-1-1024x512.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-751\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/lozysko-1-1024x512.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/lozysko-1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/lozysko-1-768x384.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/lozysko-1.png 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8c96da0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"8c96da0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-89d5ff7 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"89d5ff7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bebe843 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"bebe843\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\">Tapered roller bearings provide a valuable case study for two main reasons. First, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\">they are essential in a wide range of machinery, including combustion engine <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\">components, gearboxes, car hubs, and railway transmissions<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\">. In 2023, imports met <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\">about 80% of Russia&#8217;s demand<\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\"> for these bearings. Second, their high demand <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\">makes any trade upticks easily detectable. Sanctions on this item came into effect <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP105116992 BCX4\">in April 2022.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXP105116992 BCX4\">\u200b<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2139df1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"2139df1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b4d6e1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6b4d6e1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-99ed76d elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"99ed76d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Looking for proxies: Turkey and Kazakhstan\u200b<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90dba68 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"90dba68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXP120378889 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP120378889 BCX4\">We narrowed down our search to the so-called &#8220;no embargo\u201d group, countries that did <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP120378889 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP120378889 BCX4\">not join the global sanctions coalition against Russia. <\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXP120378889 BCX4\">\u200b<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f39ebb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"f39ebb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8f05d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f8f05d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dcc80d7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"dcc80d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"399\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-3-1-1024x511.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-859\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-3-1-1024x511.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-3-1-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-3-1-768x383.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-3-1.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98bda7b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"98bda7b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c5c1f3 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c5c1f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXP165150161 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP165150161 BCX4\">We further refine our analysis by focusing on countries within the &#8220;no embargo&#8221; <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP165150161 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP165150161 BCX4\">group that have shown the most significant increase in trade volume <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP165150161 BCX4\" lang=\"PL-PL\" xml:lang=\"PL-PL\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP165150161 BCX4\">and <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SpellingErrorZoomed SCXP165150161 BCX4\" lang=\"PL-PL\" xml:lang=\"PL-PL\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"SCXP165150161 BCX4\">are<\/span><\/span> <span class=\"TextRun SCXP165150161 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-US\" xml:lang=\"EN-US\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP165150161 BCX4\">geographically close to Russia.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXP165150161 BCX4\">\u200b<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08a83d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"08a83d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d59af1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6d59af1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa2-1024x737.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-875\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa2-1024x737.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa2-300x216.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa2-768x553.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa2.png 1400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-020ae92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"020ae92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a13c64 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a13c64\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><b><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">Turkey<\/span><\/b><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">, as it maintains well-established trade relations with Russia and is a key <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">partner of the EU. Due to the functioning the EU-Turkey Customs Union, Ankara trades <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">fairly easily<\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\"> with EU member states. Its strong logistics infrastructure further supports <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">trade activities. Additionally, due to internal challenges in the year preceding and <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">following Russia&#8217;s invasion, Turkey has pursued a pragmatic approach to cooperation <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">with the Russian Federation.<\/span>\u200b<\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\">\u200b<b><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">Kazakhstan,<\/span><\/b><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">\u00a0as its geographical position holds a strategic trade advantage and is the <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">only Central Asian country sharing a land border with Russia. It is closely tied to <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">Russia through multiple agreements &#8211; notably the Eurasian Economic Union with the <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">free movement of goods (with some restrictions) and facilitation of capital <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">movements, which is dominated by Russia. Despite signalling respect for sanctions to <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">the EU and USA, Kazakhstan faces political pressure from Russia.<\/span>\u200b<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4815d9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4815d9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4b5d06e elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4b5d06e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Finding EU\u2019s lost bearings\u200b<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0b7348 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e0b7348\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXP217071744 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP217071744 BCX4\">European exports of tapered bearings to Turkey significantly increased in 2022, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP217071744 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP217071744 BCX4\">particularly after sanctions were implemented. In 2024, export volume was 37% higher <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP217071744 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP217071744 BCX4\">than in 2021, driven mainly by Germany &#8211; the largest exporter, with a 67% increase in <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP217071744 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP217071744 BCX4\">2024 compared to 2021. Other countries, like Spain, also contributed by opening new <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP217071744 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP217071744 BCX4\">trade channels.<\/span><\/span><span class=\"EOP SCXP217071744 BCX4\">\u200b<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-98dbc60 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"98dbc60\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b85c5ec elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b85c5ec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"411\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-4-1-1024x526.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-860\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-4-1-1024x526.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-4-1-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-4-1-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-4-1.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d9a92f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d9a92f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71ea6bb elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71ea6bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">While Turkey \u2013 as an established manufacturing hub \u2013 imported bearings before the <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">war, the Russian invasion caused a significant uptick in demand, correlated with EU <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">sanction rounds.<\/span>\u200b<\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">In 2022 Europe has drastically increased its export of tapered bearings to Kazakhstan. <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">This was primarily driven by Estonia and Germany in 2022 and 2023, but after January <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">2024 Estonia limited its export, whilst France became more prominent. <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">At the end of <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">2024 Germany and France <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">were<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> the <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">stable<\/span> <span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">exporters<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span>\u200b<\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\">\u200b<span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">We can clearly show sanction circumvention channels opening-up and closing after <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">regulatory crackdowns, with some trade patterns here to stay for longer time.<\/span>\u200b<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-130b1d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"130b1d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7874a15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7874a15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"411\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-5-1-1024x526.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-861\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-5-1-1024x526.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-5-1-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-5-1-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-5-1.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3210fa6 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3210fa6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3342b1b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3342b1b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-51cba56 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"51cba56\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Tracing further export of tapered roller bearings\u200b<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5235b6b elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5235b6b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span class=\"TextRun SCXP100947336 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP100947336 BCX4\">Given the EU&#8217;s increased export of tapered roller bearings to Turkey and Kazakhstan, <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP100947336 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP100947336 BCX4\">it is important to examine whether these countries have also increased exports of <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP100947336 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP100947336 BCX4\">this item to Russia. This reexport potential can be verified using the United Nations&#8217; <\/span><\/span><span class=\"TextRun SCXP100947336 BCX4\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXP100947336 BCX4\">Comtrade trade database.<\/span><\/span><\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Around the same time the EU increased exports to Turkey, <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">and <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Turkey significantly <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">boosted its exports to Russia. While these exports remain elevated compared to pre-<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">invasion levels, they have decreased substantially since peaking at the end of 2022. <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Nevertheless, Turkey&#8217;s total export of tapered roller bearings remains 2.2 times higher <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">than pre-invasion levels in 2024.<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> Export to <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">other<\/span> <span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">partners<\/span> <span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">increases<\/span> <span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">at<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> a <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">similar<\/span> <span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">rate<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> to <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">the Russian <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">decrease<\/span>\u200b<\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\">\u200b<span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Since 2022, Turkey has exported an additional 1.4 kilotons to Russia compared to pre-<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">invasion levels.<\/span>\u200b<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cd3ec8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3cd3ec8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cdf98cb elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"cdf98cb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"411\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-6-1-1024x526.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-862\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-6-1-1024x526.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-6-1-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-6-1-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-6-1.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26d8915 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"26d8915\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-87fb45d elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"87fb45d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Prior to the Russian invasion, Kazakhstan exported tapered roller bearings only <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">sporadically. However, after the invasion, exports surged<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> &#8211;<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> primarily to Russia. In 2023, <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">export levels declined, and by February 2024, Kazakhstan ceased reporting data to <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Comtrade. <\/span>\u200b<\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Since 2022, Kazakhstan has exported an additional 1.5 kilotons to Russia, <\/span><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">similar in <\/span><\/b><b><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">magnitude to Turkey&#8217;s additional 1.4 kilotons.<\/span><\/b>\u200b<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b517b96 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"b517b96\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f2bae6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7f2bae6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"411\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-73-1024x526.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-880\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-73-1024x526.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-73-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-73-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-73.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-146e53b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"146e53b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-521635f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"521635f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3cbab4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a3cbab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Reaching Russia through proxies\u200b<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2aa0cff elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2aa0cff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">As shown by many real-life investigations, sanction circumvention often takes a form of sophisticated, <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">multi-country logistics chains. Some of the sanction<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">ed<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> goods will not go from EU to Russia via one proxy, <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">but a chain of many proxies. <\/span><\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">This pattern can also be observed in the Turkish export of tapered roller bearings. While exports to Russia <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">declined, exports to other countries increased <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">at<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> a <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">similar<\/span> <span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">rate<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">, warranting further scrutiny.<\/span><\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">We focus on Turkey&#8217;s largest trade partners, accounting for 77% of its export volume: Kazakhstan, Iran, <\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Belarus, and Uzbekistan\u2014all of which maintain close ties with Russia. To provide context, exports to <\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">other countries are shown as a background comparison. <\/span><\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">In the second quarter of 2023, when sanctions took effect, Turkish export of tapered roller bearings to <\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Kazakhstan surged<\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">, and <\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">still<\/span> <span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">is<\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> on <\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">an<\/span> <span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">increasing<\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> trend.\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Interestingly, in February 2024 Kazakhstan stopped reporting data, so <\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">the <\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">item<\/span> <span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">cannot<\/span> <span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">be traced further.<\/span><\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Relatively stable <\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">imports by <\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">other<\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> countries suggest that the selected countries are the primary drivers of <\/span><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); font-size: 1rem;\" data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">increased Turkish exports.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4de322d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"4de322d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-751c08c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"751c08c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"411\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-8_eksport-turcji1-1024x526.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-864\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-8_eksport-turcji1-1024x526.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-8_eksport-turcji1-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-8_eksport-turcji1-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-8_eksport-turcji1.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-195738f elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"195738f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c98436c elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c98436c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Since 2022, Turkey\u2019s exports to Belarus, Iran and Uzbekistan started to oscillate. As one limits its <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">imports, another increases. <\/span>\u200b<\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">By late 2024, both Belarus and Iran significantly increased their imports<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">. Overall, <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">these<\/span> <span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">countries<\/span> <span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">display an increasing trend<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">.<\/span>\u200b<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e1992dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e1992dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8661c2d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8661c2d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"411\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-9_eksport-turcji2-1024x526.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-865\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-9_eksport-turcji2-1024x526.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-9_eksport-turcji2-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-9_eksport-turcji2-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-9_eksport-turcji2.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c6f273 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6c6f273\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bee3f07 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"bee3f07\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93afab4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"93afab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">The bottom line: circumvention hidden in a plain sight\u200b<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0018a0d elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0018a0d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">Though Turkey and Kazakhstan differ significantly in market size and structure, both <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">have shown similar patterns: a rise in imports of tapered roller bearings from the EU <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">and a corresponding increase in exports to Russia. Notably, the volume of goods <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">exported to Russia from each country is comparable. Given that Turkey\u2019s market is <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">roughly ten times larger than Kazakhstan\u2019s, it may offer greater capacity to obscure <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">potential sanctions circumvention at scale.<\/span>\u200b<\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\">\u200b<span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">Against this backdrop, it is notable that Germany\u2014Europe\u2019s largest exporter\u2014has <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">sharply increased its exports to Turkey. Following the introduction of sanctions, the <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">monthly average volume of German exports to Turkey rose by an amount equivalent <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">to 94% of Germany\u2019s pre-invasion monthly exports to Russia. This shift underscores <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">the importance of examining export trends from key EU member states\u2014particularly <\/span><span data-scheme-color=\"@000000,1,\" data-usefontface=\"true\" data-contrast=\"none\">Germany\u2014when assessing Turkey&#8217;s growing role in regional trade flows.<\/span>\u200b<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e921ba1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e921ba1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d16da8c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d16da8c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"411\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-10-1-1024x526.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-866\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-10-1-1024x526.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-10-1-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-10-1-768x394.png 768w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/Wykres-10-1.png 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0303716 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"0303716\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-58979c0 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"58979c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Case studies &#8211; like exports of tapered roller bearings \u2013 can be found using relatively simple <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">statistical and computational methods. While the statistical analysis is never a definitive <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">proof, it can be a guide for more focused regulatory oversight, investigative journalism and <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">public scrutiny. <\/span>\u200b\u200b<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-40387b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"40387b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7e01d1 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"b7e01d1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ab86b4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1ab86b4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb6b00c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cb6b00c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1cf0d9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1cf0d9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Find<\/span> <span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">more<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\"> in a <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">detailed<\/span> <span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">report on <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">sanctions<\/span> <span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">circumvention<\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">:<\/span>\u200b<\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/en\/publikacje\/osw-report\/2025-04-14\/a-game-cat-and-mouse\"><em>A game of cat and mouse\u200b <br \/><\/em><em>How Russia is circumventing sanctions<\/em><\/a>\u200b<\/p><p data-ccp-props=\"{&quot;335551550&quot;:1,&quot;335551620&quot;:1,&quot;335559683&quot;:0,&quot;335559685&quot;:0,&quot;335559731&quot;:0,&quot;335559737&quot;:0,&quot;335562764&quot;:2,&quot;335562765&quot;:1,&quot;335562766&quot;:4,&quot;335562767&quot;:0,&quot;335562768&quot;:4,&quot;335562769&quot;:0}\"><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Iwona <\/span><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Wi\u015bniewska<\/span>\u200b<br \/><span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Cooperation:<\/span>\u200b <span data-usefontface=\"false\" data-contrast=\"none\">Filip Rudnik<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e6c251 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5e6c251\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-88d0a6f elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"88d0a6f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/en\/publikacje\/osw-report\/2025-04-14\/a-game-cat-and-mouse\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"210\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/COVER-A-game-of-cat-and-mouse-how-Russia-is-circumventing-sanctions-210x300.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-1226\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/COVER-A-game-of-cat-and-mouse-how-Russia-is-circumventing-sanctions-210x300.png 210w, https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/COVER-A-game-of-cat-and-mouse-how-Russia-is-circumventing-sanctions.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 210px) 100vw, 210px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-040a82a e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"040a82a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc94bff e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cc94bff\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e720403 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e720403\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33a1764 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"33a1764\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9d2d88b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"9d2d88b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-344f9f3 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"344f9f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/OSW_pl\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-x-twitter\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M389.2 48h70.6L305.6 224.2 487 464H345L233.7 318.6 106.5 464H35.8L200.7 275.5 26.8 48H172.4L272.9 180.9 389.2 48zM364.4 421.8h39.1L151.1 88h-42L364.4 421.8z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a00d9c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4a00d9c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4817f3 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"e4817f3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/OsrodekStudiowWschodnich\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-facebook\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M504 256C504 119 393 8 256 8S8 119 8 256c0 123.78 90.69 226.38 209.25 245V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.28c-30.8 0-40.41 19.12-40.41 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V501C413.31 482.38 504 379.78 504 256z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cb7020c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cb7020c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60fbd69 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"60fbd69\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/centre-for-eastern-studies-osw-\/\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-linkedin\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3zM135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zm-33.2-243c-21.3 0-38.5-17.3-38.5-38.5S80.9 96 102.2 96c21.2 0 38.5 17.3 38.5 38.5 0 21.3-17.2 38.5-38.5 38.5zm282.1 243h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9V416z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f0ebb4b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f0ebb4b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-803ad22 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"803ad22\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-icon\" href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/osw_pl\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fab-instagram\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M224.1 141c-63.6 0-114.9 51.3-114.9 114.9s51.3 114.9 114.9 114.9S339 319.5 339 255.9 287.7 141 224.1 141zm0 189.6c-41.1 0-74.7-33.5-74.7-74.7s33.5-74.7 74.7-74.7 74.7 33.5 74.7 74.7-33.6 74.7-74.7 74.7zm146.4-194.3c0 14.9-12 26.8-26.8 26.8-14.9 0-26.8-12-26.8-26.8s12-26.8 26.8-26.8 26.8 12 26.8 26.8zm76.1 27.2c-1.7-35.9-9.9-67.7-36.2-93.9-26.2-26.2-58-34.4-93.9-36.2-37-2.1-147.9-2.1-184.9 0-35.8 1.7-67.6 9.9-93.9 36.1s-34.4 58-36.2 93.9c-2.1 37-2.1 147.9 0 184.9 1.7 35.9 9.9 67.7 36.2 93.9s58 34.4 93.9 36.2c37 2.1 147.9 2.1 184.9 0 35.9-1.7 67.7-9.9 93.9-36.2 26.2-26.2 34.4-58 36.2-93.9 2.1-37 2.1-147.8 0-184.8zM398.8 388c-7.8 19.6-22.9 34.7-42.6 42.6-29.5 11.7-99.5 9-132.1 9s-102.7 2.6-132.1-9c-19.6-7.8-34.7-22.9-42.6-42.6-11.7-29.5-9-99.5-9-132.1s-2.6-102.7 9-132.1c7.8-19.6 22.9-34.7 42.6-42.6 29.5-11.7 99.5-9 132.1-9s102.7-2.6 132.1 9c19.6 7.8 34.7 22.9 42.6 42.6 11.7 29.5 9 99.5 9 132.1s2.7 102.7-9 132.1z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-103760b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"103760b\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a320cfb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a320cfb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<address><div class=\"text-center\">O\u015brodek Studi\u00f3w Wschodnich im.\u00a0Marka\u00a0Karpia<\/div><div class=\"text-center\">ul. Koszykowa 6a, 00-564 Warszawa,<br \/>tel.: (+48) 22 525 80 00, faks: (+48) 22 525 80 40<br \/>e-mail: info@osw.waw.pl<\/div><\/address><div class=\"text-center\">\u00a9 OSW | O\u015brodek Studi\u00f3w Wschodnich im.\u00a0Marka\u00a0Karpia<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d29184c elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d29184c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Finding our bearings\u200b<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-649","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Finding our bearings\u200b -<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Finding our bearings\u200b -\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Finding our bearings\u200b\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-29T09:44:58+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1400\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1008\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"15 minut\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649\",\"name\":\"Finding our bearings\u200b -\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa-1024x737.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-11T07:41:24+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-29T09:44:58+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa.png\",\"width\":1400,\"height\":1008},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Finding our bearings\u200b\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/\",\"name\":\"\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Finding our bearings\u200b -","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649","og_locale":"pl_PL","og_type":"article","og_title":"Finding our bearings\u200b -","og_description":"Finding our bearings\u200b","og_url":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649","article_modified_time":"2025-05-29T09:44:58+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1400,"height":1008,"url":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Szacowany czas czytania":"15 minut"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649","url":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649","name":"Finding our bearings\u200b -","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa-1024x737.png","datePublished":"2025-04-11T07:41:24+00:00","dateModified":"2025-05-29T09:44:58+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pl-PL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/mapaaaa.png","width":1400,"height":1008},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?page_id=649#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Strona g\u0142\u00f3wna","item":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Finding our bearings\u200b"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/","name":"","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pl-PL"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/649","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=649"}],"version-history":[{"count":180,"href":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/649\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1265,"href":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/649\/revisions\/1265"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.osw.waw.pl\/wp-sites\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=649"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}