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OSW Commentary | | Marcin Popławski

Crisis as an opportunity A new stage in EU-Central Asia relations

… Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan). Over the last two years, it has become … China and Russia there. The strategy defined three broad areas of the EU’s interest: resilience (promoting … the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route at the Belt and Road Forum in October 2023. For Russia, the new …
OSW Commentary | | Mariusz Marszewski

Thaw in Uzbekistan Reforms by President Mirziyoyev

… leader of Uzbekistan President Islam Karimov, and since Shavkat Mirziyoyev took up power (September … profited. This was one of the major obstacles on the road to Uzbekistan’s economic development.   … to increase economic cooperation with China under the Belt and Road initiative. This initiative entails among …
OSW Commentary | | Jakub Jakóbowski, Mariusz Marszewski

Crisis in Turkmenistan A test for Chinas policy in the region

… in gas prices, has turned into the most serious social and political crisis in the history of Turkmenistan. The … on ATM cards for withdrawals from Turkmen banks abroad. As trading in foreign currencies has been … G. Portelance, ‘Examining the Debt Implications of the Belt and Road Initiative from a Policy Perspective’, CGD …